960 Scabies. 



Scabies in Wild Felines. In zoological gardens lions and leop- 

 ards may become affected with scab due to Sarcoptes communis (Johne, 

 Koolisch, Delafond & Bonrgouignon), manifesting itself by intense itch- 

 ing and the occurrence of spots covered with crusts on the trunk, whence 

 the disease extends quickly over the whole body. The nutrition of the 

 animals is much interfered with and some of them die. 



The treatment consisted, in Johne 's cases, in syringing vrith a spray 

 of Peruvian balsam (1:3 parts of alcohol) and afterwards rubbing with 

 long handled brushes. Five repetitions at intervals of 8 to 10 days 

 effected a cure. (Johne, A. f. Tk., 1880, VI, 146.) 



Among other predatory animals, foxes are not infrequently affected with 

 sarcoptic scab and sometimes also infect hounds. (Deich, 8. B., 1903, 84.) 



(g) Scabies of the Pig. 



Sarcoptic Mange. This form of mange is caused by the 

 Sarcoptes scabiei v. squamiferus and occurs very frequently, 

 and as an enzootic, especially in large piggeries. Marked and 

 dangerous symptoms are seen especially in swine with a thick 

 curly hair growth, while now and again it has been noticed 

 that pigs of the English breeds living with these have not been 

 affected. It may here be stated that scab is very frequent in 

 pigs of the Hungarian breeds. Young swine or sucklings are 

 affected most often. Insufficient nourishment, debilitating dis- 

 eases (hog cholera, pyobacillosis, rickets, etc.) and other com- 

 plaints, and even inoculations for erysipelas may be follo\ved 

 by mange, previously apparently healthy swine being affected 

 in great numbers. 



The disease develops with violent itching, especially on the 

 head and in the neighborhood of the eyes and ears, on the back, 

 on the sides of the body and inner surfaces of the thighs (Fig. 

 147). Dry, bran-like scales collect upon the small itching 

 nodules, the bristles fall out and large crusts form which are 

 said to be grayish white, so that the animal appears as if 

 sprinkled with dry guano. The authors' own numerous obser- 

 vations have led them to conclude that the scabs are mostly 

 brownish black on account of the admixture of particles of dirt. 

 The skin thickens in course of time, and is found in thick, strong 

 folds (Fig. 147), betw^een wdiicli superficial ulceration and even 

 abscess formation may occur. 



The disease develops slowly, and in its severe form it hin- 

 ders the development of the animals or their fattening. Now 

 and then it leads also to cachexia and causes numerous deaths. 



Johne saw sarcoptic scab in swine occurring as an enzootic; on account of the 

 wrinkling of the skin it proved to be incurable. 



The mange mites of swine live also on the skin of other 

 animals as well as of man and here cause a local eczematous 

 disease which generally heals spontaneously in a few days. 



