GLOSSARY. . 407 



composed of several pieces, two of which can open to give issue to a bunch 

 of curled, jointed tentacles, which represent the limbs. 



Coccus. The genus of Insects including the Cochineal. In these the male is 

 a minute, winged fly, and the female generally a motionless, berry -like 

 mass. 



Cocoox. A case usually of silky material, in which insects are frequently 

 enveloped during the second or resting-stage (pupa) of their existence. 

 The term "cocoon-stage " is here used as equivalent to " pupa-stage." 



CCELOSPERMOUS. A term applied to those fruits of the Umbelliferae which 

 have the seed hollowed on the inner face. 



COLEOPTERA. Beetles, an order of Insects, having a biting mouth and the first 

 pair of wiugs more or less horny, forming sheaths for the second pair, and 

 usually meeting in a straight line down the middle of the back. 



COLUMN. A peculiar organ in the flowers of Orchids, in which the stamens, 

 style and stigma (or the reproductive parts) are united. 



CoMi'osiTJE or COMPOSITOUS PLANTS. Plants in which the inflorescence con- 

 sists of numerous small flowers (florets) brought together into a dense head, 

 the base of which is eaclosed by a common envelope. (Examples, the Daisy, 

 Dandelion, &c.) 



CoNFEiiv-iK. The filamentous weeds of fresh water. 



CONGLOMERATE. A rock made up of fragments of rock or pebbles, cemented 

 together bv some other material. 



COROLLA. Tb.e second envelope of a flower usually composed of coloured, 

 leaf -like organs (petals), which may be united by their edges either in the 

 basal part or throughout. 



COKRELATIOX. The normal coincidence of one phenomenon, character, &c., 

 with another. 



CORYMH. A bunch of flowers in which those springing from the lower part of 

 the flower stalk are supported on long stalks so as to be nearly on a level 

 with the upper ones. 



COTYLEDONS. The first or seed-leaves of plants. 



CRUSTACEANS. A class of articulated animals, having the ekin of the body 

 generally more or less hardened by the deposition of calcareous matter, 

 breathing by means of gills. (Examples, Crab, Lobster, Shrimp, &c.) 



CURCULIO. The old generic term for the Beetles known as Weevils, cha- 

 racterised by their four -jointed feet, and by the head being produced into a 

 sort of beak, upon the sides of which the antenna) are inserted. 



CUTANEOUS. Of or belonging to the skin. 



DEGRADATION. The wearing down of land by the action of the sea or of 



meteoric agencies. 



DENUDATION. The wearing away of the surface of the land by water. 

 DEVONIAN SYSTEM or formation. A series of Palaeozoic rocks, including the 



Old Bed Sandstone. 

 DICOTYLEDONS or DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. A class of plants characterised 



by having two seed-leaves, by the formation of new wood between the bark 



and the old wood (exogenous growth) and by the reticulation of the veins 



of the leaves. The parts of the flowers are generally in multiples of five. 

 DIFFERENTIATION. The separation or discrimination of parts or organs which 



in simpler forms of life are more or less united. 

 DIMORPHIC. Having two distinct forms. Dimorphism is the condition of the 



appearance of the same species under two dissimilar forms. 

 DIOJCIOUS. Having the organs of the sexes upon distinct individuals. 

 DIORITE. A peculiar form of Greenstone. 

 DORSAL. Of or belonodnir 10 the back. 



