78 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



SP. CHAB. A dull, summer plumage : Entire lower parts deep purplish cinnamon ; sides 

 of head white. Back and scapulars light ochraceous or buff, striped with black; wing- 

 coverts deep bluish plumbeous, the greater widely tipped with pure white ; remiges plum- 

 beous-dusky. Lining of the wing white, bordered exteriorly with dusky grayish. Male: 

 Crown and n;jpe streaked, like the back; white on side of head not well defined. Female : 

 Crown uniform plumbeous-black or dark plumbeous, the white on side of the head sur- 

 rounding the eyes, and abruptly defined, the nape unstreaked cinnamon and plumbeous. 

 Adult and young in winter : Head, neck and lower parts pure white, the occiput and a 

 space partly or completely surrounding the eyes dark plumbeous. Upper parts uniform 

 fine pearl-gray or light bluish plumbeous, the remiges slate-color. Young, first plumage : 

 Crown, nap*, back, and scapulars dull black, the feathers edged with ochraceous; wing- 

 coverts, rump, and upper tail-coverts plumbeous, the middle coverts bordered with pale 

 buff, the tail-coverts with ochraceous. Head (except croAvn) and lower parts generally, 

 white; the throat and jugulum suffused with brownish buff. Downy young : Above, bright 

 tawny-buff, marked with broad irregular stripes of black; superciliary stripe bright tawny 

 buff, the two of opposite sides separated only by a narrow and sometimes interrupted 

 dusky streak; pileum bright raw-umber brown, bordered exteriorly with black; chin and 

 throat light fulvous-buff, changing to smoky buff on jugulum; rest of lower parts dull 

 whitish. 



Total length, about 7.50 inches; wing, about 5.25-6.50; culmen, .80-.95; tarsus, .80-.85; 

 middle toe. .75-.80. 



The Red Phalarope occurs in Illinois as a rare migrant. Its 

 summer home is in the Arctic regions, which it leaves after the 

 assumption of its winter plumage, which is so unlike that of 

 summer as to give the bird a totally different appearance. 



GENUS PHALAROPTTS BRISSON. 

 SUBGENUS Phalaropus. 



Phalaropus Brass. Orn. vi, 1760, 12. Type, by elimination, Tringa lobata LINN. 

 Lobipe.s " Cuv. Beg. Anim. 1817." Type, Tringa hyperborea LiNN.,= T lobata LINN. 

 CHAB. Similar to Crymophilus, but bill subulate, and the nostrils strictly basal 



Phalaropus lobatus (Linn.) 



NORTHERN PHALABOPE. 



Tringa lobata LINN. S. N. ed. 10, i. 1758, 148; ed. 12. i, 1766. 24$. 

 Lobipes lobatus B. B. & B. Water B. N. Am. i. 1884, 330. 

 Phalaropus lobatus STEJN. Auk, ii. 1885, 183. A. O. U. Check List, 1886. No. 223.-RIDGW. 



Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 145. 

 Tringa hyperborealxs-s. 8. N. ed. 12, i, 1766, 249 (based on Faun. Suec, 179; Edw. 143; Will. 



270; Bay, 132. Phalaropus cinereus BKISS. Orn. vi, 5). 



Phalaropus hyperboreus (male) LATH. Ind. Orn. ii, 1790, 775 (excL syn. ; supposed female 

 =(7. fulicarius). NUTT. Man. ii, 1834, 239. AUD. Orn. Biog. iii. 1835. 118; v, 183J, 595, 

 pi. 215. CASS. in Baird's B. N. Am. 1858. 706. BAIBD, Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 520. 

 Lobipes hyperboreus Cuv. Beg. Anim. i,ed. 1829, 532. AUD. Synop. 1839, 240 ; B. Am. v, 1842, 

 295, pi. 340. COUKS, Key, 1872, 248; Check List, 1873. No. 410; 2d ed. 1882, No. 603; B. N. 

 W. 1874, 469. BIDGW. Norn. N. Am. B. 1882, No. 564. 



