LARID! THE GULLS AND TERNS. 243 



SUBGENUS ACTOCHELIDON KAUP. 



Actochelidon KAUP, Sk. Ent. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 31. Type, Sterna canliaca GMEL.,= 

 S. sanavicensis GMEL. 



SUBGEN. CHAB. Next to Thalasseus the largest of the Terns. Tail more thati half as 

 long as the wing.forked for at least half its length; feathers of occiput lengthened, pointed, 

 forming a distinct crest; depth of bill at base much less than one third the length of ex- 

 posed culmen; inner webs of primaries bicolored (dusky or slaty next to shaft, white along 

 edge). 



Sterna maxima Bodd- 



BOYAl TEEN. 



Popular synonyms. Gannet, or Gannet Striker, (Coast of Virginia); Redshanks (Florida*); 



Gaviota (Mexico). 



La Grande Hirondelle de Mer, de Cayenne BUFF. Ois. viii, 346. 

 Hirondel'e de Mer, de Cayenne, BUFF. PL Enl. 988. 

 Sterna maxima BODD. Tabl. P. E. 1783, 58 (ex PL Enl. 988). SOL. & SALV. P. Z. S. 1871. 



567 (critical). SAUND BBS, P. Z. S. 1878, 655 (do.). COUES. 2d Check List, 1882. No. 794.- 



B. B. & R. Water B. N. Am. ii. 1884, 284.-A. O. U. Check List. 1386, No. 65.-Rii>aw. 



Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 40. 



Sterna cayennensis GMEL. S. N. i, pt. II, 1788,604. 

 Sterna cayana LATH. Ind. Orn. ii, 1790, 804, No. 2. NUTT. Man. ii, 1834. 263. AUD. Orn. 



Biog. ill, 1835, 505; v. 1839, 639. pi. 273; Synop. 1839, 316; B. Am. vii, 1844, 76, pi. 429. 

 Sterna galericulata LIGHT. Verz. Doubl. 1823, 81 (typj in Berlin Mus.; determined by 



H. S.). 



Sterna erythrorhynchug WIED. Beitr. iv, 1833, 857. 



Sterna cristata SWAINS. B. W. Afr. ii, 1837, 247. pi. 30 (type in Cambridge Mus.; ex- 

 amined by H. S.). 

 Sterna regia GAMB. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1848, 228. LA WB. inBaird'sB. N. Am. 



1858, 859. BAIKD, Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 683. COUES, Key, 1872, 319; Check List, 



1873, No. 562. Rroow. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881. No. 681. 

 Thalasseus regius GAMB. Journ. A>ad. Nat. Sci. Phila. i,2d ser. 1849,228. COUES, Proc. 



Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862,539 (critical). 

 Sterna (Thalasseus} regia COUES, B. N. W. 1874. 669. 

 "Sterna bergii" IBBT, Orn. Str. Gibr. 1875. 209 (specimen- examined by H. S.). Not 8. 



bergii, LIGHT. 1823. 



HAB. Tropical and warm-temperate parts of America, north to Long Island, Massa- 

 chusetts, Great Lakes, Utah (?), Nevada (?), and coist of California; South to Brazil and 

 Peru. West coast of Africa, north to Tangiers (DALGLEISH, "Auk," January, 1884, p. 97). 



SP. CHAR. Nearly as la^ge as S. tschegrava. Bill deep orange-red or orange. Tail 

 quite deeply forked. Adult, in spring: Entire pileum, including occipital crest and upper 

 half of the lores, deep black. Upper parts pale pearl-gray (about as in S. tschegrava}, be- 

 coming white on the rump and upper tail-coverts. Tail grayish white, tinged with pearl- 

 gray. Outer webs of primaries pale silvery gray, the outer quill darker; inner webs slaty 

 in a broad stripe next the shaft, the inner portion abruptly white, the dusky extending an- 

 teriorly near the inner edge of the web, except on the outer quill. Bill deep orange-red; 

 iris dark brown; legs and feet deep black. Adult, in summer: Similar, but the forehead, 

 lores, and fore part of crown white. Bill uniform deep orange-chrome, paler at tip; edges 

 of eyelids black; iris dark brown; legs and feet deep black. Adult, in winter: "Young of 



. E. D. SCOTT, In The Auk, Oct., 1890, p. 306. (But why?) 



