48 ECONOMICS OF FORESTRY. 



feet, while the more poorly managed communal 

 forests were capable of furnishing only 40.6 cubic 

 feet per acre. 



The money returns depend, of course, in some 

 degree on the quantity of product, quality, and 

 local demand. In the densely populated, highly 

 industrial state of Saxony they were $4.00 per acre 

 net, as against $1.19 and $0.96 in the same period 

 for Bavaria and Prussia respectively. 1 



A further illustration of the increase in yield 

 which comes with proper management of this re- 

 source is furnished by the Prussian state forest 

 administration; while during the years from 1829 

 to 1867 the cut was increased from 28 to 37 cubic 

 feet per acre and to 46.7 cubic feet in 1880, nearly 

 double what it was in 1829, yet the proportion of 

 old timber over 80 years, or stock of merchantable 

 timber on hand increased during the last 20 years 

 of the period from 23 per cent to 27 per cent, 



1 How much the money results per acre vary according to the 

 species and the fact whether the production is directed more to the 

 production of firewood or of saw timber may be seen from a calcu- 

 lation by Schwappach (Forstpolitik), according to which the net 

 yield on an acre, stocked on best soil for a rotation of 1 20 years, i.e. 

 the crop being allowed to grow that length of time, would be, when 

 mainly firewood is produced, for pine, $375; for spruce, $672; for 

 beech, $456; when the management is directed to a greater pro- 

 duction of saw timber, these results can be increased for pine to 

 $1,470; for spruce, $3,195; for beech, $836, making the acre pro- 

 duce respectively 3 times, 4 times, and double the result. This con- 

 sideration may serve as a pointer to our New England woodland 

 owners, who are satisfied with the production of firewood. 



