SILVICULTURE. 171 



cuperated, and the old crop is removed more or 

 less gradually, to make room for the young crop, 

 the main difference being in the rapidity with 

 which the old crop is removed. 



The choice of method depends upon financial 

 as well as silvicultural considerations. 



In protection forests and luxury forests, in which 

 the financial questions become secondary and the 

 requirement of a continuous soil cover may be 

 paramount, the choice of method is circumscribed 

 by this consideration. Here, methods in which the 

 old crop is very slowly removed and replaced by 

 the new crop are indicated, even if financial and 

 silvicultural results would make other methods 

 desirable. 



In supply forests, the cheapest method which 

 secures desirable proportionate results in the crop 

 is to be chosen. This must vary according to 

 local conditions. Climate, soil, and species to be 

 dealt with call for silvicultural considerations ; the 

 relative cost of planting and of logging or harvest- 

 ing under different methods influence the financial 

 results. 



The clearing process followed by artificial re- 

 placement entails a money outlay for the latter 

 from year to year ; the gradual removal methods 

 with natural seeding avoid, to be sure, this outlay, 

 but, since to secure the.same amount of harvest, a 

 larger territory must be cut over, they entail large 

 initial investment for means of transportation, which 



