CONTENTS. XV 



293. How the cluster-cup stage was found to be a part of 

 the wheat rust, 2930. Uredospores can produce successive 

 crops, 294. Teleutospores the last stage in the season, 295. 

 How the fungus gets back from the wheat to the barberry, 

 296. Synopsis of life history of wheat rust, 297. Sac fungi, 

 299. Fruit bodies of the willow mildew, 300. Asci and 

 ascospores, 301. The sac fungi or ascomycetes, 302. Clas- 

 sification of the fungi, 304 page 129 



CHAPTER XXII. 



LIVERWORTS. 



Riccia, 307. Form of the floating riccia (R. fluitans), 307. Form 

 of the circular riccia (R. crystallina), 308. Sexual organs, 

 309. Archegonia, 310. Antheridia, 311. Embryo, 312. 

 Sporogonium of riccia, 313. A new phase in plant life, 314. 

 Riccia compared with coleochaete, cedogonium, etc., 315. 

 Marchantia, 316. Antheridial plants, 317. Archegonial 

 plants, 319 page 140 



CHAPTER XXIII. 



LIVERWORTS (continued}. 



Sporogonium of marchantia, 320. Spores and elaters, 321. 

 Sporophyte of marchantia compared with riccia, 322. 

 Sporophyte dependent on the gametophyte for its nourish- 

 ment, 323. Development of the Sporogonium, 324. Em- 

 bryo, 325. How marchantia multiplies, 326. Buds or 

 gemmae of marchantia, 327. Leafy-stemmed liverworts, 

 328. Frullania, 329. Porella, 330. Sporogonium of a foliose 

 liverwort, 331 page 149 



CHAPTER XXIV. 



MOSSES. 



Mnium, 334. The fruiting moss plant, 336. The male and fe- 

 male moss plants, 337. Sporogonium, 338. Structure of 

 the moss capsule, 339. Development of the Sporogonium, 

 342. Protonema of the moss, 343. Table showing relation 

 of gametophyte and Sporophyte in the liverworts and 

 mosses, 344 page 158 



