250 MORPHOLOGY. 



(loculiddal dehiscence] as in fruit of iris; or the carpels may open by 



pores (poricidal dehiscence], as in the poppy. 



Follicle; a capsule with a single carpel which dehisces along the ventral, 



or upper, suture (larkspur, peony}. 

 Legume or pod; a capsule with a single carpel which dehisces along both 



sutures (pea, bean, etc.). 

 Silique; a capsule of two carpels, which separate at maturity, leaving 



the partition wall persistent (toothwort, shepherd's-purse, and most 



others of the mustard family); when short it is a silicic or pouch. 

 Pyxidium or pyxis; the capsule opens with a lid (plantain). 



II. DRY INDEHISCENT FRUITS; do not dehisce or separate into distinct 

 carpels. 



Nuts; with a dry, hard pericarp. 



Caryopsis; with one seed and a dry leathery pericarp (grasses). 

 Achene; with pericarp adherent to the seed (sunflower and other com- 

 posites. 



III. SCHIZOCARP; a dry, several-loculed fruit, in which the carpels separate 

 from each other at maturity but do not dehisce (umbelliferse, mallow). 



IV. BERRY; endocarp and mesocarp both juicy (grape). 



V. POME; mesocarp and outer portion of endocarp soft and juicy, inner 

 portion of endocarp papery (apple). 



VI. DRUPE, OR STONE FRUIT ; endocarp hard and stony, exocarp soft and 

 generally juicy (cherry, walnut); in the cocoanut the exocarp is soft 

 and spongy. 



