PLANT FAMILIES: DIPSACACE^E. 



289 



Fig. 390. 

 Twin flower (Linnsa borealis). 



tions in moors or damp woods, and blossoms in June. The 

 stems are creeping and slender, 

 the leaves rounded and crenate 

 on the margin, tapering abrupt- 

 ly into short petioles. From the 

 prostrate stems the flowering 

 shoots arise 8 locm, leafy be- 

 low, and above forking into two 

 slender pedicels, each bearing a 

 bell-shaped, purple and whitish 

 flower. The calyx is coherent 

 with the ovary, which has three 

 locules. The five lobes of the 

 calyx fall away as the flower 

 dies. The corolla is five-lobed. 

 Four stamens, two of them shorter than the other two, are at- 

 tached to the tube of the corolla. 



551. Lesson XIX. The teasel family (dipsacacese). This 

 family is represented by the common fuller's teasel. The flowers 

 are collected in a " head." They are separated from one an- 

 other, however, by a small cup-shaped " epicalyx " which sur- 

 rounds the inferior ovary. The limb of the calyx is short, and 

 in some members of the family shows the five divisions. In the 

 teasel there are four lobes on the limb of the corolla, which is 

 unsymmetric and bilabiate (zygomorphic), two of the five parts 

 of the corolla being completely united into one lobe, forming the 

 upper lip. The stamens are not united by their anthers. (The 

 distinct stamens and the presence of the epicalyx separating the 

 flowers of the head are the most prominent characters separating 

 the dipsacales from the aggregate. ) 



CAMPANULINvE. 



552. The bell-flower family (campanulacese). The bell-flower (cam- 

 panula) is illustrated in figure 458. The floral formula is as follows : 

 Ca5,Co5, A5,G2. The stamens are usually united by their anthers closely 

 around the style. The style is provided with a brush of hairs, and in 



