PLANT FAMILIES: COMPOSITE. 



2 9 I 



tubular flowers and the ray flowers. In the tubular flowers 

 the corolla is united to form a slender tube, which is five-notched 

 at the end, representing the five petals. In the ray flowers the 

 corolla is extended on one side into a strap-shaped expansion. 

 Together these strap-shaped corollas form the "rays" of the 

 head. The corolla is split down on one side, which permits 

 the end ^ then to expand and form the "strap." This is a 



Fig. 393- Fig- 394- Fig. 395. Fig. 396. 



Ray flower of Aster novas" Tubular flower Tubular flower Syngenecious 

 anglise. of aster. opened to show syn- stamens opened to 



genecious stamens. show style and two 

 stigmas. 



ligula, or more correctly speaking a false ligula. In fact the ray 

 flower is bilabiate. By counting the "teeth" of the false ligula 

 there are found only three, which indicates that the strap here 

 is made up of only three parts of the 5-merous corolla. The 

 two other limbs of the corolla are rudimentary, or suppressed, 

 on the opposite side of the tube. True ligulate flowers are 

 found in the chicory, dandelion, or in the hieracium, where the 

 five points are present on the end of the ligula. 



554. The calyx tube in the aster, as in all of the composites, 

 is united with the ovary, while the limb is free. In the aster, as 

 in many others, the limb is divided into slender bristles, the 

 pappus. (In some of the composites the pappus is in the form 01 



