Classification 111 



p. 62, as stated in Banks, 1908, pp. 13, 14) advanced another classifica- 

 tion. He divides Ixodidae into two subfamilies : I. Ixodinae {Ixodes 

 and Ceratixodes 1 ), having the anal groove in front of the anus, and, 

 II. Amblyomminae (including the other genera of ticks) having the 

 anal groove posterior to the anus. He divides the Amblyomminae 

 into four tribes as follows : 



1. RMpicephalini (including Rhipicephalus and Margaropus). 



2. Haemaphysalini {Haemaphysalis). 



3. Dermacentorini (Dermacentor). 



4. Amblyommini (Amblyomma, Aponomma and Hyalomma). 



Donitz (1907 a, pp. 1-8, reprint) re-established the genus Margaropus 

 Karsch, 1879, which Neumann (1901, p. 281) had regarded as a 

 monstrosity of " Rhipicephalus annulatus var. micropla." Neumann 

 has never recognized the genus Boophilus Curtice ; he continued to 

 include Boophilus under Rhipicephalus until he became convinced of 

 the validity of the genus Margaropus, when he concluded that it had 

 priority over Boophilus. Since then, he has referred species of Boophilus 

 to Margaropus, but as we shall see, both genera are perfectly distinct 

 and valid. 



Nuttall and Warburton (1907, p. 398) founded the genus 

 Rhipicentor. 



Donitz (1910, p. 400) passes under review the recent attempts at 

 classification by Neumann, Lahille, Warburton and Banks. He agrees 

 with us in condemning Eschatocephalus and Ceratixodes and referring 

 them to Ixodes, and he also recognizes the genera Boophilus and 

 Margaropus as distinct. He condemns Neumanniella Lahille, 1905, 

 until there is better reason for recognizing such a genus. It will be 

 remembered that Neumann (1899, p. 188) stated that Aponomma 

 transversale (Lucas) Neumann possessed no anal groove, and might, 

 consequently, be referred to another genus if another species resembling 

 it were found. Lahille, however, founded the genus Neumanniella 

 without ever having seen the types. Donitz denies that we know 

 enough of the relationship existing between the genera (apart from 

 Ixodes) grouped under Ixodidae to reach any final conclusions regarding 

 their arrangement in respect to each other; it is possible that differences 

 of internal structure may prove of help in the future. He prefers, in a 

 measure, the older classification of Neumann which arose out of that 

 originally advanced by Koch. Koch, as we have seen, divided ticks 



1 Made a subgenus by Neumann, 1904, and now suppressed by us and by Donitz, 1910. 



