Ixodoidea 113 



name, and the discovery of this intermediate type confirms the view 

 advanced by Warburton. Banks agrees with us in not placing Hyalomma 

 near Rhipicephalus, as has been done by Neumann (1907 a, p. 26). 



Summary. 



The perusal of the foregoing account of the views held by 

 different authors who have written upon the classification of ticks, 

 shows that a great deal of confusion has undoubtedly existed. At 

 a fairly early date, the Argasid and Ixodid ticks were recognized as 

 possessing very distinctive features. The confusion that has arisen is 

 mainly due to efforts in classifying the Ixodidae. The proposal to 

 separate the latter into two distinct sections (Warburton, Banks) is 

 based on anatomical grounds, i.e. the structure of the anal groove in 

 the Prostriata in contrast to the Metastriata. In some ticks (Boophilus, 

 Margaropus) the anal groove may be obsolete ; they are, however, 

 obviously related to other metastriate forms in general structure. It 

 appears advisable, only as a matter of convenience, to give these sections 

 the new names (suggested by Warburton), in view of the great confusion 

 of subfamily, tribal, group, and other names, all of which have been 

 based on the original generic names. The division of the Metastriata 

 into Brevirostrata and Longirostrata is also one of convenience, and 

 their subdivision into two groups each follows naturally when the 

 characters of the genera are taken as a whole. 



With regard to the genus Neumanniella Lahille, 1905, to which 

 reference has been made in the preceding pages, we would state that 

 we have examined the types of Ixodes transversalis Lucas and agree 

 with Neumann in retaining the species under Aponomma. On very 

 careful examination we have detected traces of an anal groove posterior 

 to the anus. Consequently the genus Neumanniella falls into synonymy. 



Superfamily IXODOIDEA Banks, 1894. 



Synonymy and Literature : 



Genus Acarus (in part) Linnaeus, 1746, p. 479. 



Family Riciniae (in part) Latreille, 1804, p. 46 ; 1806, p. 151 ; 1829, p. 286. 



Risso, 1826, p. 180. Oudemans, 1896, p. 191. 

 Family Ixodides Leach, 1815, p. 396 (includes Europoda). Sundevall, 1833. 



Fuller, 1896, p. 763. 

 Family Ixodea Burmeister, 1837, p. 579. Grube, 1859, p. 455. Gerstaecker, 



1860, p. 464. 



