\ \i;. i i 



s:; 



sulphuric acid, there are differences of minor charac- 

 ters. The starch of the hybrid has more isolated and i 

 airaple grains than either parent, and in form it is more 

 dosel) related, on the whole, to \. empress than to N. 



albican*; moreover, some characteristics of the former 

 are accentuated. The hilum is less fissured than in 

 either parent, and in both character and eccentricity of 

 the hilum it is in closer relationship to .V. albicans. In 

 the character and number of the lamellae the relation- 

 ship is closer to N. albicans, but in .-ize the relationship 

 is clo.-rr tn A . empress. In the character of the polari- 

 Bcopic figure ami appearance with selenite the relation- 

 ship i- closer in A', empress. In the qualitative iodine 

 reactions the raw grains behave more like the < oi A 

 empress, while after the grains are boiled there arc no 

 differences noted in the three starches. In the qualita- 

 tive reactions with the chemical reagents peculiarities of 

 parents arc evident. In the reactions with chloral 

 hydrate, chromic acid, nitric acid, and Bulphuric acid the 

 relationship is, on the whole, closer to A', empress; but 

 in the pyrogallic-acid reaction the relationship is closer 

 I., the other parent. 



/,-..,■ /i ;, intensities Expressed by Light, Color, and Tempera 

 ture Iteaetions. 

 i ixation: 

 N. empress, low to high, value 42. 



N. albicans, low to high, lower than in N. empress, value 37. 

 N. madami -I'' graaff, low to high, the same as in N. ulbicans, 

 value 37. 

 [o line 

 N empress, moderate, value 50. 

 N. albicans, moderate, higher than in N. empress, value 55. 



N. madame de graaff lerate, the same as in N. empress, value50. 



■ tian violet 



N. empress, ligh( to moderate, value 43. 



Ibicans, light ' lerate, Bomewhatless than.in N. emi 



\ alue 40. 

 \ madame de ^raalT, light to moderate, the same as in N. em] 

 \ alue 43. 

 Sal renin: 



\'. empress, moderate, value 53. 



N. albican lewhat less than in N. empress, vali 



N. madame de graaff. moderate, the same as in X. empress, value 53. 

 Temperature: 



N. empress, in majority at Ttl to 71°, in all at 73 to 74°, mean 

 N. albicans, in majority at 70.2 to 72°, in all at 73 to 75°, m< an 7 l 

 N madame de graaff, in majority at 70 to 72°, in all at 73 ."> to 7.". , 

 ,n 71.25°. 



The reactivity of .V. empress is higher than that of 



the other parent in the reactions with polarization, gen- 

 tian violet, safranin, and temperature; and lower in the 

 iodine reaction. The reactivity of the hybrid is the 

 -nine or practically the same as that of A', empress in the 

 reactions with iodine, gentian violet, ami safranin, and 

 the same or practically the same as that of the other 

 parent in the polarization, iodine, and temperature reac- 

 tions. In no reaction is there tntermediateness of the 

 hybrid. 



Table A 20 shows the reaction-intensities in percent- 

 age of total starch gelatinized at definite time-intervals. 



VELOCITY-BEACTION CfltVES. 



This section treats of the velocity-reaction curves of 

 the starches of Narcissus empress, A', albicans, and .V. 

 madame de graaff, show-in? the quantitative 

 in the behavior toward different reagents at definite 

 time-intervals. (Charts I) 3 IT to D 322. I 



I MM I. A 20 



The most conspicuous features of these charts are: 



(1) The close correspondence in the courses of the 

 three curves in all of the reactions (with the exception 

 of the sulphuric-acid reaction, in which reaction is so 

 rapid that there is no differentiation), and the tendency 

 mostly to moderate to low reactivity. 



(2) The varying relatione of the parental curves to 

 each other and the hybrid in the different reactions, ex- 

 cepting the sulphuric-acid reaction during the progress 

 of the reactions. 



(3) The curve of N. empress is distinctly lower than 

 that of the other parent in the reactions with chloral 

 hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, and nitric acid, 

 especially in that with pyrogallic acid. 



(4) The hybrid curve is the highest of the three in 

 the chloral-hydrate reaction; lowest with chromic acid 

 and nitric acid; and intermediate with pyrogallic acid. 

 In the reactions with chromic acid and nitric acid it is 

 more closely related to N. empress, while in those with 

 chloral hydrate and pyrogallic and more closely related 

 to A', albicans. 



(5) A tendency to an early period of resistance fol- 

 lowed by a comparatively rapid reactivity is noticed in 

 the reactions with chromic acid and pyrogallic acid — in 

 all three starches in the former and in two in the latter. 

 There are also sugge tions of early resistance in the other 

 two reactions, 



(6) The earliest period at which the three curves are 

 best separated for differential purposes is in the sul- 

 phuric-acid reaction at the very beginning of the reac- 

 tions; in those with chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric 

 acid, and chloral hydrate at 15 minutes. 



Reaction-intensities or the Hybrid. 



This section treats of the reaction-intensities of the 

 hybrid as regards sameness, intermediate: iess, excess, 

 and deficit in relation to the parents. (Table A 20 and 

 Charts I) 311 to li 322.) 



The reactivities of the hybrid are the same as those 

 of the seed parent in the reactions with iodine, gentian 

 violet, and safranin; the same as those of the pollen 

 parenl in the polarization i the same as those 



of both parent- in none; intermediate with pyrogallic 



