102 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES AND REACTI- 



9i i '1 parent, and in seven 1» 



close to one as to the other parent). The following 



summary of the reaction-intensil Sa 

 parent, •-' ; same as pollen parent, 1 ; same as both parents, 

 l ; intermediate, G; highest, 0: lowest, 1G. 



The Beed parent has according to these data to a far 

 greati than the other parent intlueneed the 



rrties of the starch of the hybrid. The tender..;. 

 est reactivity of the hybrid is even more conspicuous 

 than the leanings to the seed parent. Intermediateness 

 is fairly well marked. 



Composite Curves ok the Beachon-intensit] - 



This section treats of the composite curves of the 

 reaction-intensities, showing the differentiation of the 

 starches of Lilium pardalinum, L. jKtrryi, and L. lur- 

 banki. (Chart E 29.) 



The most conspicuous features of this chaTt are: 

 (1) The generally very close correspondence of all 

 three curves, the most noticeable variations in th< 

 of the parents being in the reactions with gentian violet 

 and safranin ; and of the hybrid with chromic acid, 

 pyrogallic acid, cobalt nitrate, barium chloride, and mer- 

 curic chloride. There is no satisfactory differentiation 

 of the three starches m the reactions with nitric acid, 

 sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, 



-aim iodide, potassium sulphocyanate, potas^uin 

 sulphide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium sulphide; there 



differentiation of the parents in the copper-nitrate 

 reaction, and not a very marked differentiation in 

 with calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate. 

 cobalt nitrate, cnpric chloride, barium chloride, and nn-r- 

 curie chloride. The hybrid curve tends to be somewhat 

 erratic, and inclining to keep low and even below the 

 parental curves, this being especially noticeable in the 



.ins with temperature, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid. 

 uranium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cupric 

 i hloride, barium chloride, and mercuric chloride. With 

 weaker reagents where the reai cur with great 



rapidity, as in the nine reactions from nitric acid on to 

 sodium sulphide, inclusive, this tendency would doubtless 

 be made even more conspicuous. On the whole, the hy- 

 brid curve is much more closely related to the curve of 

 /.. pardalinum than to that of L. parryi. 



i In L. pardalinum, in comparison with the other 



t, the higher reactions with polarization, gentian 

 violet, and safranin ; the lower with iodine, temperature, 

 chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, sodium 

 salicylate, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium 

 nitrate, cobalt nitrate, eupric chloride, barium chloride, 

 and mercuric chloride; and the same or practically the 

 reactions as those of the other parent with nitric 

 acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hy- 

 droxide, potassium sulphocyanate, potassium sulphide, 

 sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and copper nitrate. 

 (3) In L. pardalinum the very high r with 



chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, sulphur;, 

 hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodide, 



-mm Bulphocyanal saium sulphide, sodium 



hydroxide, sodium sulphide, sodium salicylate, calcium 

 nitrate, uranium nitrate, strontium nitrate, cobalt ni- 

 trate, copper nitrate, cupric chloride, barium chloride, 

 and mercuric chloride: the high reactions with gentian 



violet, i-afranin. temperatun ..oral hydrate; the 



mod. - with polarization and iodine. 



(4) In L. parryi the very high reactions with tem- 

 perature, chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogallic acid, 

 nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric a -ium 

 hydroxide, potassium iodide, potassium sulphocyanate. 

 potassium sulphide, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, 

 sodium salicylate, calcium nitrate, uranium nitrate, 

 strontium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, cupric 

 chloride, barium chloride, and men .. ride, Teac- 



nce of a high : . the mod. 



tions with polarization, iodine, and gentian violet; and 

 the low reaction with safranin. 



(5) In the hybrid the very high reactions with nitric 

 acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hy- 

 droxide, potassium iodide, potassium sulphocyanate, po- 

 tassium sulphide, sodium hydroxide, sodium suli 

 sodium salicylate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, 

 copper nitrate, cupric chloride, and mercuric chloride; 

 tlie high reactions with chloral hydrate, chromic acid, 

 cobalt nitrate, and barium chloride; the moderate reac- 

 tions with polarization, gentian violet, safranin, and tem- 

 perature : and the low reactions with iodine and pyrogallic 

 acid. 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intensi- 

 ties : 



Wry 

 high. 



L. pardalinum 



L. parryi 



L. burbanki . . 



20 

 22 



1G 



High. 



Mod- 

 erate. 



Low. 



Very 







1 

 



Notes ox the Lilies. 



The starches of the various species of lilies belong 

 to the quick -reacting group and they are universally s.i 

 rapidly gelatinized by nitric acid, sulphuric acid, hydro- 

 chloric acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium iodic: . 

 tassium sulphocyanate, potassium sulphide, sodium 

 hydroxide, and sodium sulphide that satisfactory differ- 

 entiation is not possible, excepting with n 

 d liferent concentration from those used in this research. 

 Even with most of the other chemical reagents, they often 

 react so rapidly that convincing differential data are not 

 obtainable with the concentrations employed. The only 

 ts in the concentrations used that an :seful 



are chloral hydrate, chromic acid, pyrogalli - dium 



salicylate, cobalt nitrate, and barium chloride. But in 

 the reactions with polarization, iodine, gentian violet, 

 safranin. and temperature conclusive data were usually 

 recorded. 



The hybrids tend in each case to be more closely 

 1 in the sum total of their characters to one or the 

 other parent, and with far less inclination to interme- 

 diateness than to identical development or to ex< 

 or deficient development beyond parental extremes. The 

 tendency to exceed parental extremes is particularly well 

 marked in the curve of /.. burbanl-i, where there is 

 shown a very distinct inclination to be below the lower of 

 the parental curves. In the first and founh groups, the 

 hybrids are more closely related on the whole to the 

 pollen parents : and intl . third, and fifth groups 



to the seed parents. The general relationship of the 



