TYPE 7. GRAINS SIMPLE, ECCENTRIC, CONE-SHAPED. 217 



Caruin bulbocaslanum Koch.; Bunium hulhocaslanum Linn. (UmhclllfcrcE.) Dry tubers. — Grains 

 spherical-oval or elliptical, freciuently thicker at one end, very often renii'orin or triangular, 

 the majority more or less irregular, some with one or more mammary processes; no lamella-; 

 rarely with a cavity, and short, radial fissures at the thick end, instead of a hilum, frequently 

 with a longitudinal slit; eccentricity about one-fourth. In one sample from Zweibriicken 

 the gi-ains are about 26^ in length, and mostly one-half to two-thirds as thick; in one 

 sample from Zermatt the gxains are smaller, about 18/j, and mostly two-fifths to two- 

 thirds as thick as long. Among them compound grains of few, usually unequal components. 

 (See type 15.) 



Adoxa moschatellina Linn. (Caprifoliacca;.) Dry root-stocks. — Grains spherical to oval, lamella; 

 rare and indistinct; occasionally a small cavity with several short, delicate radial fissures, 

 usually at the broad end; eccentricity about one-third. Length 31/i. Among them some 

 compound grains of 2 to 3 equal or unequal components. 



UmhiUcus pendulinus DC. iCrassulacece.) Dry root-stocks. — Grains rounded, oval, conical, 3 to 4 

 angles; usually irregular; three-fifths to as broad as long; the broader ones compressed to 

 about three-fourths; lamellse indistinct, only the innermost ones complete; thickened at the 

 hilum end; radial and sometimes also irregular fissures; eccentricity one-fourth to one-fiftli. 

 Length about 50//. The young grains are conical; the older ones are frequently distorted 

 and knife-like at the distal end. 



Cephalotus follicularis R. Br. (Cephalotacece.) Dry root-stocks. — Grains rounded, and rounded-tri- 

 angular to oval, and oval-conical; no lamella?; at times a delicate longitudinal slit, occa- 

 sionally with a small cavity instead of the hilum; thicker at the hilum end; distal end narrowed, 

 sometimes spread out into a knife-like edge; eccentricity about one-third to one-fifth. Length 

 about 18 to 21/i. 



Cocculus palmatus DC; Menispernum palmatum Lam. {Menispermacece.) Dry roots. — Grains oval, 

 oblong, conical; rarely 3 to 4 angles; rounded and sometimes lobate; usually irregular; half 

 to as broad as long; the broader ones slightly compressed; with 3 to 8 usually complete lam- 

 ellae; cavity instead of the hilum, usually with marked radial fissures at the broad end; 

 eccentricity one-half to one-fourth. Length 90(U. According to Payen, they are sometimes 

 as large as 180/i. Among them doublets and triplets of equal or unequal sized components. 

 The grains are usually stained yellow in the cavity and fissures. The coloring disappears 

 in water. 



Ranunculus garganicus Ten. (Ranunculacece.) Dry, thickened roots. — Grains spherical to short- 

 ened-conical; two-thirds to as broad as long; in the spherical ones a small, usually central 

 cavity instead of the hilum; in the other grains the cavity is about one-eighth eccentric. 

 Length about 14//, width about 10/i. Starch plentiful. 



Ranunculus bidbosus Linn. {Ranunculacece.) Dry tubers. — Grains rounded, oval, conical, frequently 

 irregular; half to almost as broad as long; no lamelliE; a small cavity instead of the hilum at 

 the wide end; eccentricity about one-fourth. Length about 12/i. Some compound grains of 

 few, usually unequal comjjonents. (See type 15.) Starch jjlentiful, filling the cells. 



Anemone ranunculoides Linn. {Ranunculacece.) Dry root-stocks. — Grains usually oblong or pear- 

 shaped; generally three-fifths to three-fourths as broad as long; no lamella;; at the wide end 

 a small cavity from which a few delicate fissm-es sometimes radiate, or a longitudinal slit; 

 eccentricity about one-third to one-fourth. Length about 13/i. Among them compound 

 grains of few, equal or unequal components. (See type 15.) Starch plentiful, entirely filling 

 the cells. 



Aconitum anthora Linn. {Ranunculacece.) Dry napifrom roots. — Grains mostly pear-shaped, rarely 

 oval, or rounded-reniform, or rounded-triangular, frequently somewhat irregular; no 1am- 

 ellte; broadened at the hilum end, distal end in the triangular grains is broadened anil 

 squared; naiTOwed in the other forms; instead of the hilum, a small cavity from which several 

 fissures radiate; eccentricity about one-third to one-fifth. Length about 38/i. Comijound 

 grains of few, equal or unequal parts. (See type 15.) 



PoBonia officinalis Retz. {Ranunculacece.) Fresh root-stocks. — Grains spherical to oblong and conical; 

 sometimes somewhat irregular, 1 to 2 times as long as broad; lamellse few (2 to 4), delicate, 

 rarely distinct; hilum also indistinct, eccentricity two-ninths. Length about 28//, width 

 about 19/1. Many compound grains of few, equal and unequal components. (See typo 15.) 



