TYPE 10. GRAINS SIMPLE, STRTTCTURE OBSCURE. 249 



Armeria alpitia Willd., var. angtistifolia. {Plumhaginacew.) Dry seed. — Grain.s rounded or oval, 

 bluntly angular or .sharply polyhedral; two-fifths to as thick as long; u.sually with a rounilud 

 or oblong cavity and frequently with radial fissures. Size about 8 to 21/j. 



Statice limonium Linn. {Plumbaginacece.) Dry seed endosperm. — Grains rounded or oval, blunt- 

 angular, or polyhedral, rarely with sharp edges and angles; frequently with a cavity or slit. 

 Size about 3 to 18/^. 



Statice elata Fisch. {Plumhaginaceoz.) Dry seed. — Grains rounded to oblong, angular, or sharply 

 polyhedral; one-third to as thick as long; either a rounded or an oblong cavity, or even a 

 longitudinal slit, is frequently observed, from which fissiu-es occasionally radiate. Many 

 gj-ains are slightly shrunken. Size about 27 to 32ju. 



Goniolimon eximium Boiss. {Plumbaginacece.) Dry seed endosperm. — Grains isodiametric to twice 

 as long as thick, polyhedral \vith sharp angles and edges; frequently they have a central 

 cavity ; without either fissures or lamellse. Size about 28/*. Cells are thin-walled and filled 

 with starch. 



Plumbago micrantha Ledeb. (Plumbaginacece.) Dry seed endosperm. — Grains sharply polyhedral, 

 with a small or a large cavity. Size about 8 to lO/i. 



Campayiula sp. {Campanula cece.) Fresh unripe seed endosperm. — Grains rounded-oval or rounded- 

 angular. Size about 7^. Also some separated-grains are present. Seeds very young, and 

 contain considerable starch. 



Menodora sp. {Oleacece.) Dry seed tegment. — Grains rounded, rounded-angular, or polyhedral; with 

 a large or a small cavity. Isolated compound grains are also present. 



Erycibe paniculcUa Roxb. {Leguminosce.) Dry cotyledons. — Grains spherical or rounded-oval, occa- 

 sionally somewhat angular. Size about 7/i. 



Eutoca viscida Benth. {Euphorbiacece.) Dry seeds. — Grains spherical; a small central cavity is found 

 in the larger ones. Size about 6 to S/x. A great deal of oil is found, and most of the seeds 

 contain only oil. Starch in small quantities is probably present in the seed, which is not 

 fully ripe. 



Phacelia congesta Hook. {Hydrophyllacece.) Dry seed endosperm. — Grains as in the preceding species. 



Digitalis latea Limi. {Scrophulariacece.) Fresh, unripe fruit, placenta, and funiculus. — Grains rounded, 

 or oval, and frequently angiilar. Size about lO/n. Also compound grains of 2 to 8 equal com- 

 ponents are observed. Starch plentiful; wanting in the ovules and seeds. 



Ve>bascu7n schraderi Mey. (Scrophulariacece.) Fresh placenta of unripe fruit. — Grains angular, 

 here probably mostly separated-graiixs. Size about 6 to Sju. Starch very plentiful. 



Verhascum schraderi Mey. (Scrophidariacece) . Fresh, unripe seed-coats. — Grains rounded or oval, 

 usually angular. Size about 5/*. Starch rather plentiful. 



Thunbergia fragrans Roxb. (Acanthacece.) Dry seeds. — Grains spherical, oval, or somewhat irregular. 

 Size about lOju. Many seem to be compound. Some show colorless ajjpeadages which are 

 not stained after treatment with iodine. The grains are poor in starch, but rich in oil; 

 the former may disappear at maturity. 



Delphinum ajacis Linn. {Ranunculaceoe.) Fresh unripe seed coats. — Grains roxmded, or angular 

 with round angles. Size about 8/u. Starch rather plentiful. 



Chelidonium majus Linn. (Papaveracece.) Fresh seed coat. — Grains rounded. Size about 7 to 9^- 

 They are stained brown when treated with iodine. 



Chelidonium majus Limi. (Papaveracece.) Fresh unripe seed coat. — Grains rounded. Size 5 to (i^. 

 They are stained brown or violet when treated with iodine. 



Brassica napus Lhin. (Brassicacece; Cruciferce.) Fresh unripe seeds. — Grains (in the embryo) rounded 

 or oval, frequently somewhat angular; some are evidently separated-grains. Size aljout 

 bfj.. Compound and separated-grains predominate in the seed coats (see type 14). Starch 

 is plentiful in the perisperm, especially rich in the embryo, and mostly found in the cells 

 of the seed-coats with the exception of the outermost layer, the walls of wh'ch soon thicken. 

 The perisperm later entirely disappears, the seed-coats and the emljryo lose their starch, 

 since in the former the membranes are thickened and in the latter starch is replaced by oil. 

 As the green seeds turn yellow the solution of the starch takes place; in the brownish-yellow 

 seeds it has entirely disappeared. In the earliest stage the embryo contains merely oil ; when it 

 has entirely re])laced the perisperm and thus completely filled up the cavity within the seed 

 coats both oil and starch are found, while in the latest stages oil alone is again observed. 



