GENUS LItilUM. 



487 



PS CI PA CA 

 PC PS 



Reaction with -pyrogaUic acid begins at once and all the grains are gelatinized in a minute. 

 A bubble at the hilum appears more frequently than in L. candidum. During the process a band 

 of refractive granules develop at about half the distance between the hilum and the distal margin, 

 and sometimes a second one forms nearer the distal margin as gelatinization proceeds. The gelat- 

 inized grain often has a sharp, serrated lining at the distal margin, which sometimes extends 

 partly up the sides. There are refractive granules in the gelatinized mass of the grain. The lateral 

 walls are usually thinner and the proximal end more rounded than in the gelatinized grain of L. can- 

 didum, but the reaction is qualitatively the same. 



The grains begin to react with ferric chloride in a minute. A few are gelatinized in 2 minutes, 

 the majority in 10 minutes, and all in 22 minutes. The swelling more frequently occurs first at the 

 distal end, then at the proximal end. In the broadly triangular forms the flowing gelatinization 

 movement frequently begins at the two corners limiting the distal margin. The reaction is qualita- 

 tively the same as that of the grains of L. candidum. 



With Purdy's solution the grains begin to react at once and all are gelatinized in 35 seconds. 

 A bubble forms at the hilum more frequently than in L. candidum. A brilliantly refractive band 

 frequently appears at about half the distance between the hilum and the distal margin. The reaction 

 is qualitatively the same as that of the grains of L. candidum. 



STAKCH OF LILIUM SPECIOSUM VAR. ALBUM. (Plate 23, figs. 133 and 134. Chart 106.) 



Hislologicnl Characteristics. — Inform the grains are simple and for the most part isolated. There 

 are very few small aggregates in the form of doublets, and a few pressure facets may be observed 

 on some of the grains. The surface of the grains is usu- 

 ally quite regular, any slight irregularities which occur 

 being due to an unequal development of the margin. The 

 conspicuous forms are the narrowed to broad triangular 

 with a curved base and rounded angles, and the elliptical 

 that is regular in outline or with a broadened and some- 

 what flattened distal end; also, ovoid, clam-shell-shaped 

 to nearly round, mussel-shell-shaped, and somewhat irreg- 

 ularly quadrilateral forms. The few small grains are 

 usually round, oval, or elhptical. 



The hilum is a distinct, small, round spot or cavity, 

 with a range of eccentricity one-fifth to one-seventh, usu- 

 ally one-sixth, of the longitudinal axis. Besides the spot 

 or cavity already noted, there may at times be a short, 

 narrow, straight, transverse cleft, from each side of which a 

 refractive line extends towards the distal end of the grain. 



The lamella; are distinct, fine, usually regular circles, 

 ellipses, or arcs of circles, sometimes not so fine but more 

 distinct near the distal end than near the hilum. There 

 are at times two sets of lamellae, one appearing later than 

 the other, and forming an angle with a longitudinal axis of the primary grain 

 to 44 lamellae on the larger grains. 



The grains vary in size; the smaller are 4 by 4^; the larger, narrow, elongated forms are 52 by 

 28ix; the elongated broader forms are 52 by 44^ in length and breadth. The common size is 34 by 22^. 



Polariscopic Properties. — The figure is eccentric, distinct, but not clear-cut. Its lines are com- 

 monly somewhat broadened and less well defined in some part of then- length; sometimes also 

 bisected and even further subdivided; occasionally bent and the figure consequently distorted; 

 and often placed at varying angles to one another. 



The degree of polarization is high, not varying much in different grains, but varying in different 

 aspects of the same grain, being highest when the grain is viewed on end or edge. It is not quite 

 so high as that of the grains of L. candidum. 



With selenite the quadrants are not well defined, are usually regular in shape, and unequal in 

 size. The colors are fairly pure. 



Iodine Reactions. — With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains all color a deep blue- violet; 

 with 0.125 per cent solution they color fairly deeply, and the color deepens rapidly. It is deeper 

 33 



Curve of Reaction-Intensities of Starch of LHiuin specioaum 

 var. album. 



There are about 42 



