510 



STARCHES OF LILIACE^. 



Differenliation of Certain Starches of the Genus Frilillaria. — Continued. 

 HiSTOLAQicAL Charactekutics. — Continued. Polakiscopic Pbopebties. — Ck>ntinued. 



Lamellte — General Characterislics and Number. 



F. meleagrU: Not very distinct, fine ellipses or segments 

 of circles or bands of the same shape as the grain, 

 usually regular. Number not determined. 



F. pyrenaica: Not distinct, fine, regular circles, ellipses, 

 or rings of the same shape as the grain; some 

 probably discontinuous. Number not determined . 



F. pudica: Not very distinct, fine, regular, continuous, 

 and discontinuous; continuous about the margin. 

 Number not determined. 



F. aurea: Usually fairly distinct, fine, regular, continuous, 

 or discontinuous. Number not determined. 



F. armena: Indistinct, fine, continuous, and discontinu- 

 ous. Number not determined. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: Fairly distinct, regular, usually 

 fine, continuous, and discontinuous. 28 on larger 

 grains. 



F. liliacea: Not very distinct, fine, fairly regular, con- 

 tinuous, and discontinuous. Number not deter- 

 mined. 



F. recurva: Very distinct, usually rather fine, often irreg- 

 ular, some groups composed of 2 or 3 lamellse 

 whose longitudinal axis does not correspond with 

 that of the rest of the grain. At the margin they 

 are continuous. 30 to 34 on larger grains. 



Size. 



F. mdeagria: From 10 to 56/i, commonly 34;k. 



F. pyrenaica: From 10 to 54m, commonly 30^. 



F. pudica: From 6 to 64/i, commonly 36^. 



F. aurea: From 6 to 52^, commonly 34aj. 



F. armena: From 8 to 40^, commonly 28ii. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: From 4 to 60^, commonly 38/u. 



F. liliacea: From 8 to 54/», commonly 38ju. 



F. recurva: From 6 to 84/i, commonly 44/i. 



PoIlAbiscopic Pbopebties. 

 Figure. 



F. meUagris: Eccentric, distinct, not clear-cut, occasion- 

 ally distorted. 



F. pi/renaica: Eccentric, distinct, not clear-cut, usually 

 regular. 



F. pudica: Eccentric, distinct, asually not clear-cut, often 

 irregular. 



F. aurea: Eccentric, distinct, not clear-cut, frequently dis- 

 torted. 



F. armena: Eccentric, distinct, usually not clear-cut, some- 

 times distorted. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: Eccentric, distinct, fairly clear- 

 cut, usually regular. 



F. liliacea: Eccentric, distinct, not clear-cut, usually irreg- 

 ular. 



F. recurva: Eccentric, distinct, not clear-cut, sometimes 

 irregular. 



Degree of Polarization. 



F. meleagris: Fairly hgih, somewhat variable. 



F. pyrenaica: Fairly high, somewhat variable, higher than 



of grains of F. meleagris. 

 F. pudica: Fair to fairly high, variable, not quite so high 



as in F. meleagris. 

 F. aurea: Fairly high, somewhat variable, higher than in 



F. meleagris. 

 F. armena: Fair to fairly high, variable, not quite so high 



as in f . meleagris. 

 F. imperialis var. aurora: High, not variable, much higher 



than in F. meleagris. 

 F. liliacea: Fairly high, somewhat variable, higher than 



in F. meleagris. 

 F. recurva: Quite high, somewhat variable, higher than 



in F. meleagris. 



Polarization with Sdenile — Quadrants and Colors. 



F. meleagris: Quadrants not well defined, usually irregular 



in shape, unequal in size. Color usually not 



pure. 

 F. pyrenaica: Quadrants not well defined, usually irregu- 

 lar, unequal in size. Colors usually not pure. 

 F. pudica: Quadrants not well defined, usually irregular, 



unequal in size. Colors not usually pure. 

 F. aurea: Quadrants not very well defined, regular or 



irregular, unequal in size. Colors usually fairly 



pure. 

 F. armena: Quadrants not well defined, usually regular, 



unequal in size. Colors usually fairly pure. 

 F. imperialis var. aurora: Quadrants fairly well defined, 



regular, unequal in size. Colors usually pure. 

 F. liliacea: Quadrants not well defined, irregular, unequal 



in size. Colors not usually pure. 

 F. recurva: Quadrants usually not well defined, irregular, 



unequal in size. Colors sometimes pure. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 Intensity and Color. 



F. meleagris: Fairly deep; blue-violet. 



F. pyrenaica: Fairly deep, less than in F. meleagris; blue- 

 violet. 



F. pudica: Deep, deeper than in F. meleagris; blue- 

 violet. 



F. aurea: Fairly deep, less than in F. meleagris; blue- 

 violet. 



F. armena: Fair, much less than in F. meleagris; blue- 

 violet. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: Fairly deep, less than in F. 

 meleagris; blue-violet. 



F. liliacea: Fairly deep, less than in F. meleagris; blue- 

 violet. 



F. recurva: Fairly deep, less than in F. meleagris; blue- 

 violet. 



Staining Reactions. 



With Gentian Violet. 



F. meleagris: Fair. 



F. pyrenaica: Fair, more than in F. meleagris. 



F. pudica: Fair, the same as in F. meleagris. 



F. aurea: Light, less than in F. meleagris. 



F. armena: Light, less than in F. meleagris. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: Very light, less than in F. 



meleagris. 

 F. liliacea: Light to fair, less than in F. meleagris. 

 F. recurva: Fair, more than in F. meleagris. 



With Safranin. 



F. meleagris: Light to fair. 



F. pyrenaica: Light to fair, less than in F. meleagris. 



F. pudica: Light to fair, the same as in F. meleagris. 



F. aurea: Light, less than in F. meleagris. 



F. armena: Very light, less than in F. meleagris. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: Very light, less than in F. 



F. liliacea: Light to fair, the same as in F. meleagris. 

 F. recurva: Fair, more than in F. meleagris. 



Tempebaturb of Gelatinization. 



F. meleagris: 68.9 to 00.1° C, mean 59.5°. 



F. pyrenaica: 62.5 to 63.8° C, mean 63.15°. 



F. pudica: 49.1 to 50° C, mean 49.6°. 



F. aurea: 61.5 to 64° C, mean 62.75°. 



F. armena: 66.1 to 67.10° C, mean 66.6°. 



F. imperialis var. aurora: 68.2 to 68.6° C, mean 68.4° 



F. liliacea: 54.8 to 55.4° C, mean 55.1°. 



F. recurva: 57.9 to 59.5° C, mean 58.7°. 



