GENUS BRODIjEA. 



605 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Brodiwa. 



HisTOLoaiCAii Characteristics. 

 Conspicuous Forms. 



B. peduncularis: Usually simple, rarely compound, few 

 aggregates, surface usually irregular owing chiefly 

 to nipple-like and rounded protuberances. Ovoid, 

 oval, and ellipsoidal, with a tendency to pointing 

 of the distal end. 



B. ixoides var. splendens: Essentially the same as in B. pe- 

 duncularis, except greater irregularity and tendency 

 to pointing of the distal end. 



B. Candida: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis. 



B. laclea: Essentially the same sis in B. peduncularis. 



B. laxa: Essentialljr the same as in B. peduncularis. 



B. coccinea: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis, 

 but the conspicuous form is the short, broad ellip- 

 soidal, verging into almost round and oval. 



B. grandiflora: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis, 

 but the surface is, as a rule, less irregular. 



B. califomica: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis, 

 but the surface is less irregular. 



B. purdyi: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis, but 

 less irregular, the conspicuous forms tend more to 

 the ovoid to almost round. 



B. stellaris: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis. 



B. capitata: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis, 

 but with markedly fewer irregularities of surface, 

 and there is a greater tendency towards round- 

 ness. 



B. congesta: Essentially the same as in B. peduncularis, 

 but much less irregularity of surface, these grains 

 being the least irregular of all the Brodiaeas, and 

 in marked contrast with B. ixoides var. splendens, 

 which is the most irregular. 



Hilum — Form, Number, and Position. 



B. peduncularis: Form distinct, small, round, double or 

 multiple, usually fi8.sured, fissures deep and exten- 

 sive. Position eccentric about 0.33 of longitudinal 

 axis. 



B. ixoides var. splendens: Form distinct, small, round, 

 may be double, usually fissured, fissures large and 

 ragged. Position eccentric about 0.33 of longitudi- 

 nal axis. 



B. Candida: Form distinct, small, round, rarely double, 

 usually fissured, fissures small and clean-cut. Posi- 

 tion eccentric about 0.33 of longitudinal axis. 



B. laclea: Form distinct, small, round, may be double, usu- 

 ally fissured, fissure small and clean-cut. Position 

 eccentric about 0.33 of longitudinal axis. 



B. laxa: Form distinct, medium-sized, round, may be 

 double, usually fissured, fissures small but irregular 

 and ragged. Position eccentric about 0.33 of longi- 

 tudinal axis. 



B. coccinea: Form fairly distinct, medium-sized, round, 

 single or multiple, usually fissured, fissure small 

 and not deep or broad. Position eccentric about 

 0.33 or less of longitudinal axis. 



B. grandiflora: Form distinct, small, round, usually single, 

 may be multiple, usually fissured, fissure small and 

 not deep or broad. Position eccentric about 0.33 

 of longitudinal axis. 



B. califomica: Form fau-ly distinct, small, round, always 

 fissured, fissures usually very large, deep and wide, 

 rarely small and shallow, probably multiple hila. 

 Position eccentric about 0.33 of longitudinal axis. 



B. purdyi: Form not very distinct, large, round, single, 

 rarely multiple, usually fissured, fissures small and 

 shallow. Position eccentric about 0.25 of longitudi- 

 nal axis. 



B. stellaris: Form fairly distinct, small, round, single, 

 rarely double, usually fissured, fissures not deep or 

 broad. Position eccentric about 0.33 of longitudi- 

 nal axis. 



Histological Characteristics. — Continued. 

 Hilum — Form, Number, and Position. — Continued. 



B. capitata: Form rather indistinct, large, round, single, 

 may be multiple, U8uall>r fissured, fissures not deep 

 but often ragged. Position eccentric about 0.33 of 

 longitudinal axis. 



B. congesta: Form rather indistinct, large, round, single, 

 may be multiple, usually fissured, fissures small, or 

 deep and wide, often ragged. Position eccentric 

 about 0.33 of longitudinal axis. 



LameUo! — General Characteristics and Number. 



B. peduncularis: Fairly distinct, continuous, coarse, some- 

 times irregular. 8 to 10 on medium-sized grains. 



B. ixoides var. splendens: Not very distinct, rather coarse, 

 continuous, no especial irregularities. Number not 

 determined. 



B. Candida: Fairly distinct, coarse, usually regular, con- 

 tinuous. 6 to 10 on medium-sized grains. 



B. lactea: Fairly distinct, coarse, continuous, usually regu- 

 lar. 8 to 10 on medium-sized grains. 



B. laxa: Fairly distinct, very coarse, regular, continuous. 

 6 to 8 on medium-sized grains. 



B. coccinea: Fairly distinct, regular, coarse, continuous. 

 10 to 15 on larger grains. 



B. grandiflora: Fairly distinct, rather coarse, usually reg- 

 ular and continuous. About 10 to 15 on larger 

 grains. 



B. califomica: Not very distinct, coarse, regular, continu- 

 ous. About 12 on the larger grains. 



B. purdyi: Indistinct, regular, coarse, continuous. Num- 

 ber not determined. 



B. stellaris: Distinct, rather coarse, usually regular, con- 

 tinuous. 12 to 18 on larger grains. 



B. capitata: Fairly distinct, regular, coarse, continuous. 

 10 to 12 on larger grains. 



B. cmigesta: Not very distinct, coarse, regular, continuous. 

 8 to 12 on larger grains. 



Size. 

 B. peduncularis: From 2 to 60/*, commonly 35/i. 

 B. ixoides var. splendens: From 3 to 38(u, commonly 26/i. 

 B. Candida: From 3 to 32/i, commonly 16^. 

 B. lactea: From 2 to 32/x, commonly IS/x. 

 B. laxa: From 3 to 40^, commonly 26(u. 

 B. coccinea: From 4 to 34/i, commonly IS/u. 

 B. grandiflora: From 1 to 67/i, commonly 3G/i. 

 B. califomica: From 5 to 57/i, commonly 32/a. 

 B. purdyi: From 3 to 54/j, commonly 26m. 

 B. stellaris: From 2 to 40m, commonly 22ju. 

 li. capitata: From 3 to 40m, commonly 24m. 

 B. congesta: From 2 to 36m, commonly 20m. 



PoLARiscopic Properties. 

 Figure. 



B. peduncularis: Eccentric, distinct, not always clear-cut, 

 often distorted. 



B. ixoides vai. splendens: Eccentric, distinct, usually clear- 

 cut, may be distorted. 



B. ca7idida: Eccentric, distinct, fairly clear-cut, often dis- 

 torted. 



B. lactea: Eccentric, distinct, clear-cut, seldom distorted. 



B. laxa: Eccentric, usually clear-cut, often distorted. 



B. coccinea: Eccentric, distinct, not always clear-cut, usu- 

 ally regular. 



B. grandiflora: Eccentric, distinct, not always clear-cut, 

 nor regular. 



B. califomica: Eccentric, distinct, not clear-cut, often 

 irregular. 



B. purdyi: Ecicentric, distinct, not clear-cut, sometimes 

 irregular. 



B. stellaris: Eccentric, distinct, usually clear-cut, may be 

 irregular. 



