GENUS BRODMJA. 



607 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Brodioea. — Continued. 



Effects of Various Reagents. — Continued. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. — Continued. 



B. purdyi: Begins in one-fifth in 5 minutes; complete 



in three-fourths in 90 minutes. 

 B. stellaris: Begins in two-thirds in 5 minutes; complete 



in two-thirds in 90 minutes. 

 B. capitata: Begins in half in 10 minutes; complete in 



all but 2 or 3 in 70 minutes. 

 B. congesta: Begins in half in 5 minutes; complete in 



three-fourths in 30 minutes. 



Reaction with Chromic Acid. 



B. peduncidaris: General in 3 to 4 minutes; complete 



in all in 10 minutes. 

 B. ixoides var. splendens: General in 2 minutes; complete 



in all in 6 minutes. 

 B. Candida: General in 30 seconds; complete in all in 



4 minutes. 

 B. laclea: General in 1}^ minutes; complete in all in 



3 minutes. 

 B. laxa: General in 20 seconds; complete in all in 2 



minutes. 

 B. coccinea: General in IJ^ minutes; complete in 6 



minutes. 

 B. grandiflora: Greneral in 1 minute; complete in 10 



minutes. 

 B. califomica: General in 3J^ minutes; complete in 9 



minutes. 

 B. purdyi: General in IJ^ minutes; complete in 10 



minutes. 

 B. stellaris: General in 30 seconds; complete in 10 nunutes. 

 B. capitata: General in 1 minute; complete in 10 minutes. 

 B. congesta: General in 2J^ minutes; complete in 5 



minutes. 



Reaction with Pyrogallic Acid. 



B. peduncidaris: General in 2 minutes; complete in all 

 in 10 minutes. 



B. ixoides var. splendens: General in 2 minutes; com- 

 plete in all in 5 minutes. 



B. Candida: General in 30 seconds; complete in all in 

 2 minutes. 



B. laclea: General in 30 seconds; complete in all in 2 J^ 

 minutes. 



B. laxa: General in 20 seconds; complete in all in 2J^ 

 minutes. 



B. coccinea: General in 10 minutes; most all partially 

 gelatinized in 25 minutes; incomplete in an hour. 



B. grandiflora: General in 5 minutes; most are partially 

 gelatinized in 45 minutes; incomplete in an hour. 



B. calif ornica: General in 6 minutes; all completely gel- 

 atinized in 45 minutes. 



B. purdyi: General in 5 minutes; most are partially gel- 

 atinized, some completely, in 35 minutes; incom- 

 plete in an hour. 



B. stellaris: General in 2 minutes; almost all completely 

 gelatinized in 40 minutes. 



B. capitata: General in 15 minutes; all partially gelatin- 

 ized in 30 minutes. 



B. congesta: General in 4 minutes; all partially gelatin- 

 ized in 30 minutes; incomplete in an hoxir. 



Effects of Various Reagents. — Continued. 

 Reaction vnlh Ferric Chloride. 



B. peduncularis: Begins in many in 9 to 10 minutes; com- 

 plete in all in 90 minutes. 



B. ixoides var. splendens: Begins in half in IJ^ minutes; 

 complete in all in 50 minutes. 



B. Candida: General in 2)4 minutes; complete in all in 

 30 minutes. 



B. laclea: General in 7 minutes; complete in all in 40 

 minutes. 



B. laxa: Begins in half in 5 minutes; complete in all in 

 45 minutes. 



B. coccinea: Begins in half in 5 minutes; complete in 

 all in 25 minutes. 



B. grandiflora: Begins in one-third in 5 minutes; com- 

 plete in all in 90 minutes. 



B. califomica: Begins in one-third in 5 minutes; com- 

 plete in five-sixths in 60 minutes. 



B. purdyi: Begins in one-fifth in 6 minutes; complete 

 in all in 60 minutes. 



B. stellaris: Begins in one-fourth in 8 minutes; complete 

 in all in 90 minutes. 



B. capitata: Begins in half in 10 minutes; complete in all 

 in 60 minutes. 



B. congesta: Begins in half in 5 minutes; complete in all 

 in 60 minutes. 



Reaction with Purdy's Solution. 

 B. peduncularis: Slight general reaction \n 1)4 minutes. 



In an hour a few are completely gelatinized, a few 



others are beginning to gelatinize. 

 B. ixoides var. splendens: Shght general reaction in IJ^ 



minutes. About half partially or completely 



gelatinous in 15 minutes; incomplete in an hour. 

 B. Candida: Slight general reaction in 30 seconds. All 



grains veiy sUghtly gelatinized in 10 minutes; in- 

 complete in an hour. 

 B. laclea: Slight general reaction in a minute. About 



two-thirds are partially gelatinized in 20 minutes; 



incomplete in an hour. 

 B. laxa: Slight general reaction in a minute; a few are 



completely and many partially gelatinized in 15 



minutes; incomplete in an hour. 

 B. coccinea: Slight reaction in a few grains in 1 }^ minutes ; 



about three-fourths are affected, a few partially gel- 

 atinized, in 50 minutes. 

 B. grandiflora: Slight reaction in a few grains in 2 minutes; 



about one-fourth are affected, a few completely gel- 

 atinized, in 60 minutes. 

 B. califomica: Slight reaction in one-fourth of the grains 



in 2 minutes; about two-thirds are affected in 30 



minutes; incomplete in an hour. 

 B. purdyi: Slight reaction in a few grains in 5 minutes; 



about three-fourths are affected, some completely 



gelatinized in 90 minutes. 

 B. stellaris: Slight reaction in a few grains in a minute; 



about one-third are affected, some partially 



gelatinized in 90 minutes. 

 B. capitata: Begins in some grains in a minute; all are 



partially gelatinized in 60 minutes. 

 B. congesta: Begins in some grains in 30 seconds; about 



half are partially gelatinized in 50 minutes. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF BRODLEA. 



The variations shown by the Brodioea starches in average size, relative abundance of different 

 types, degree of irregularity of outline, in the hilum and in fissuration, and in the lamellae are undoubt- 

 edly of usefulness in the recognition of the several species; but it does not seem probable that by 

 the gross histological properties alone a positive differentiation could be made, although it might 

 at times be apparent that the specimen did not come from a certain source, as, for instance, the starch 

 of B. ixoides var. splendens could not have had its source in B. califomica. In the reactions, the 

 divergences in the case of each starch are usually within rather wide limits. The least differences, 



