622 



STARCHES OP CONVALLARIACEiE. 



Differentiation of Certain Starches 



E>FECTS OF Various Reagents. 



Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. 



T. gntndiflorum: Begins at once; complete in nearly all 



in 45 seconds. 

 T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 45 seconds. 

 T. sessile var. califomieum: Be^ns at once; complete in 

 45 seconds. 



Reaction with Chromic Acid. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins at once; complete in 14 sec- 

 onds. 



T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 11 seconds. 



T. sessile var. califomieum: Begins at once; complete in 

 13 seconds. 



Reaction with Pyrogallic Add. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins at once; complete in 45 seconds. 

 T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete m 60 seconds. 



of the Genus Trillium. — C!ontinued. 



Effects of Vamous Reagents. — Continued. 



Reaction with Pyrogallic Add. — Continued. 



T. sessile var. califomieum: Begins at once; complete in 

 25 seconds. 



Reaction with Ferric Chloride. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins in many in 15 seconds; complete 

 in 5 minutes. 



T. ovatum: Begins in many at once; complete in 3 min- 

 utes. 



T. sessile var. califomieum: Begins in some in a very few 

 seconds; complete in 6 minutes. 



Reaction with Purdy's Solution. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins at once; complete in 10 seconds. 

 T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 15 seconds. 

 T. sessile var. califomieum: Begins at once; complete in 

 22 seconds. 



Curve ot Reaction-InteiiMtiea of Starch of TrUUum sessile 

 var. califomieum. 



Composite Curve of Mean Reaction-Intensities of 

 Starches of Trillium. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF TRILLIUM. 



The Trillium starches are so alike in their histological characteristics that, apart from the 

 relatively greater abundance of elliptical grains in T. ovatum and the larger average size of the grains 

 of T. grandiflorum, they are practically indistinguishable, unless perhaps by very detailed study. 

 In the reactions they vary within narrow limits, the most important differences being noted in the 

 temperatures of gelatinization (58°, 56.75° and 55°, respectively), and in their sensitivities in rela- 

 tion to pyrogallic acid, ferric chloride, and Purdy's solution. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF CONVALLARIACE^. (Chart 205.) 



There are very close resemblances between the small grains of Convallaria and the starches of 

 Trillium. The very large grains of the former are comparatively few in number, and distinctly 

 different histologically and polariscopically, and in their reaction intensities. The starch of Con- 

 vaUaria (small grains) has a lower degree of polarization and a lower reaction with iodine, and a 

 higher temperature of gelatinization (61° and 56.58°, respectively, a difference of 4.42°), and more 

 sensitivity to all of the chemical reagents. The reaction curves are very much alike, indicating a 

 close botanical relationship between the two genera. 



