INTKODUCTION OF DOMESTIC REINDEER INTO ALASKA. 23 



Redniyer, Copper Center; J. IT. Kilbuck, Wainwright; D. W. Cram, 

 Bettles. 



Special agent: J. H. Jasberg, Hancock, Mich. 



Lap and Finn teachers: Alfred Salmonsen Nilima, Kotzebue; 

 Per Nilsen Bals, Nulato; Nils Klemetsen, Isak Anderson Bango, 

 Teller; Albert Lahti, Sigfried Sotka, Gambell; Anders Johnson, 

 Unalakleet; Nils Sara and Per Spein, Bethel, Kuskokwim Valley; 

 John Wuori, Louis Karbum, Erick Lampela, and Peter Hatta, Copper 

 Center; Adolf Saari, M. Jensen, C. Raisanen, Bettles. 



Eskimo lierders and a j)2)r entices. — Point Barrow: Ahlook, Shoudla, 

 Brower, jr., Tokpuk, Panigeo, Segevan, Paneoneo, Powim, Ungawi- 

 shok, Lignoven. Kotzebue: Electoona, Otpelle, Ohamon, Ogliva- 

 lek, Minungon, Munuok. Cape Prince of Wales: George Ootenna, 

 Thomas Sokwena, James Keok, Stanley Kivyearzruk, Joseph Erung- 

 wouk, Frank l3^atunguk, Peter Ibiono, Okboak, Eraheruk. Gam- 

 bell (St. Lawrence Island) : Putlkinhok, Sepilla, Pinink, Oonmookok. 

 Teller: Allikok, Dunnak, Sekeoglook, Serawlook, Coxrook. Golof- 

 nin Bay: Tautook, Constantine, Taktuk, Ahmahkdoolik, John, 

 Albert, Benjamin, Peter, Mrs. Dexter. LTnalakleet herd: Okitkon, 

 Tatpan, Stephan Ivanoff, Bikongan, Moses Koutchok. Eaton herd: 

 Nallogoroak, Mar}^ Andrewuk, Kotoak, Angolook, Sagoonuk, Acce- 

 buk, Avagook, Amikravinik, Frank Kauchak, Sakpillok. Nulato: 

 Stephen Annu, Alexander Kulana, John Rorondelel. Kuskokwim: 

 Wasili, Robert, Tommy, and Henry. 



STATIONS. 



Kotzebue. — The past season at this station has been a most pros- 

 perous one. There was very little extremely cold weather and the 

 snowfall was light. As a result a verj?- small percentage of this year's 

 fawns was lost. In midwinter Doctor Lind inspected the herd and 

 reported it in the best possible condition. Early in October, 1903, 

 a river steamer was caught in the ice near the mouth of the 

 Kowak River with a number of people on board. Thus opportunity 

 was given to the station to sell some surplus male deer and relieve 

 the destitution of those on board. Many of the deer bought were 

 used for transporting the owner and his property to the nearest 

 camp. One man, after hauling 800 pounds of supplies over 200 miles, 

 disposed of his deer at a profit of S35. The use of deer as sled and 

 pack animals is growing in favor among the miners in this section. 



Wales. — The winter of 1903-4 was a favorable one for the deer. 

 From September to December the temperature was not above freezing 

 nor below zero, and during the rest of the winter the weather never' 

 got warm enough to melt the snow, though the coldest was only 25° 

 below zero. The result was that there was no ice Qir^^^^p>^ss and 

 so the deer could obtain their food easily. A Q<mt.raat h^caVbeen 



