EUCALYPTUS 585 



a few trees in the Nilgiris. Mr. Bourne records two in Sim's Park: (1) girth 

 9 ft. 9 in., height 60 ft. ; (2) girth 7 ft., height 80 ft. He states that no trace 

 of this species can be found in the plantations, and where references to it are 

 made in old records E. obliqua was evidently meant. It is grown in various 

 parts of the plains of northern India and in the sub-Himalayan tract, where 

 it is worth growing only in moist situations, being unsuccessful in even 

 moderately dry places ; young plants grow vigorously, but older trees often 

 become misshapen and ugly. It was recently tried in mangrove swamps in 

 the Andamans, but was unable to stand the salt water , it showed some 

 promise during the first year on ground farther inland. 



59. Eucalyptus rostrata, Schlecht. Red gum. 



A large tree attaining a large girth, sometimes erect and symmetrical, but 

 often irregular in shape, with droopmg foliage. Bark smooth, ashy grey or 

 whitish, often mottled mth brown. Wood strong and very durable, used for 

 railway sleepers, piles, bridge-construction, ship-building, wheel-work, and 

 many other purposes ; a very good fuel. Victoria, South Austraha, Western 

 Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, and North x\ustraHa ; not in 

 Tasmania. This is one of the most important timber trees of Australia, not 

 only because of its useful timber, but also because of its wide range and great 

 abundance. It has been introduced into various parts of the globe, and grows 

 under a variety of cHmatic conditions and in various situations and soils, 

 preferring moist alluvial valleys and river-banks, but enduring considerable 

 drought. It is particularly well adapted for grooving in moist swampy localities, 

 being probably unsurpassed by any other eucalypt for this purpose. It stands 

 a considerable degree of frost as well as of heat ; in California it endures 

 minimum temperatures of 15 to 20 F., and maximum temperatures of 110 

 to 115 F.^ The growth is rapid, though not equal to that of E. Globulus. 



It is grown in the Nilgiris, where it coppices badly ; Mr. R. Bourne gives 

 the following locaUties : (I) Cairn Hill, block I, compartment 3 in the 

 swamp, and block II, compartments 4 and 5 ; (2) Aramby, in a few places. 

 It was tried without success at Saugor, Central Provinces, in 1874-6. It was 

 sown in 1909 in the Sanyasimalai plantation. North Salem (elevation 4,000 ft.), 

 and did well in the early stages. It has been tried since 1909 in the Simla 

 hills, and has done weU up to date at elevations below 4,000 ft. It is one of 

 the species grown at Abbottabad (4,000 ft.). On the plains of northern India 

 it thrives well and grows rapidly. In the Changa Manga plantation this 

 species and E. tereticornis have proved more successful than any other eucalypt 

 hitherto tried, and when once established they can hold their o^vn against the 

 mulberry. At Maymyo, Burma (elevation 3,500 ft.), it has done better than 

 any other species tried so far ; the fine avenue in the Maymyo bazaar consists 

 chiefly of this species. It has recently been tried in the Andamans, and has 

 shown promise in the early stages. It is cultivated at Calcutta, Poona, and 

 other low elevations. Flowers May-June, Punjab (Parker). 



60. Eucalyptus rubida, Deane and Maiden. Candle-bark. 



A tree with smooth glaucous bark, often with reddish patches, the outer 

 layer falling off in ribbons. Nev/ South Wales and Victoria. It has recently 

 been tried on the plains of northern India, but has not shown much promise. 



1 Eucalyptus, its History, Growth, and Utilization, C. H. Sellers, California, 1910. 



