EUCALYPTUS 587 



plants reached a height of 12 ft. m three years. Flowers May, Punjab 

 (Parker). 



63. Eucalyptus siderophloia, Benth. Sydney ironbark. (The name 

 broad-leaved or large-leaved ironbark is the one more correctly applicable to 

 var. rostrata, the young leaves of wliich are often 2 to 6 in. mde).^ 



A large tree mth a straight stem. Bark persistent, dark brown to nearly 

 black, thick, deeply furrowed. Wood close grained, very hard, heavy and 

 durable, largely used for building, bridge-construction, railway sleepers, wheel- 

 work, and other purposes for which great strength is required ; this is the 

 principal ironbark tree in its native home. New South Wales and southern 

 Queensland. A tree in Florida about ten years old measured 55 ft. in height 

 and 13-7 in. in diameter ; it was growing on dry soil and had withstood 

 a temperature of 22 F.- In the Nilgiris there is a small plantation beyond 

 Forest Lodge in Sim's Park, where this species is growing well (R. Bourne). 

 It is now being experimented with further as a plantation tree in those hiUs, 

 and has hitherto shown fairly rapid growth. There is a specimen doing well 

 in the Changa Manga plantation near Lahore. It has been tried at Lucknow 

 since 1912, and so far has done well. At Lahore seeds of this species were 

 sown in 1911, and the plants reached a height of 11 ft. 7 in. in three years, 

 but failed in the fourth year. Flowers April, Punjab (Parker). 



64. Eucalyptus Sideroxylon, A. Cunn. Red ironbark, Victoria ironbark. 

 A moderate-sized or large tree with narrow silvery leaves and hard, 



rough, dark-coloured bark. Wood dark red, very hard, heavy, strong, and 

 durable, used for railway sleepers, beams and girders, shafts and wheel-work. 

 New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland, usually on poor sterile ranges. 

 In California it endures minimum temperatures of 16 to 20 F., and maximum 

 temperatures of 110 to 112 F.^ It was tried mthout success at Saugor, 

 Central Provinces, about 1874r-6. It is reported to have done well in the 

 Kumaun hiUs, and is one of the species grown at Abbottabad, where it survived 

 the severe frost of 1905. It has been tried since 1909 in the Simla hills, and 

 has done moderately well between 4,000 and 6,000 ft. It has been tried at 

 Changa Manga, but does badly ; the heartwood of the trees becomes eaten 

 by white ants. Not suitable for the plains. In India it tends to form a crooked 

 bole and to produce large branches. Flowers September, Punjab (Parker). 



65. Eucalyptus Sieberiana, F. v. M. Yohut, mountain ash. 



A large tree attaining 120 ft. in height. Bark dark brown or grey, deeply 

 furrowed, red and scaly on young trees, smooth and pale on branches. Wood 

 tough and elastic, not durable when exposed to the weather, used chiefly for 

 ship-building, tool-handles, and carriage-building ; a good fuel. South 

 AustraUa, Victoria, New South Wales, and Tasmania, frequent on poor barren 

 ground or sandy soil on rocky and stony mountain ranges, ascending on southerly 

 aspects to 5,000 ft. This tree has been grown to some extent in the Nilgiris, 

 where it is found almost always as coppice ; older trees are of rather crooked 

 growth. Mr. R. Bourne gives the following locahties : (1) Cairn Hill, block II, 

 compartments 1, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 19, and block III; (2) Aramby, block II, 

 compartments 13 and 14; (3) Baikie, compartments 3 and 5. It has been 



1 Bailey, Queensland Woods. - Zon and Briscoe, loc. cit., p. 27. 



3 Sellers, loc. cit., p. 73. 



