TECTONA 703 



occur in unbroken stretches of considerable extent or be confined to the 

 crests and upper slopes of ridges and spurs, the lower slopes of which are 

 occupied by moist forest. As a rule teak does not attain such large dimensions 

 in dry as in moist forest, but it reproduces itself more freely in the former. The 

 most typical associates of teak in dry forest are Xylia dolabriformis, Terminalia 

 tomentosa, T. Chebula, Acacia Catechu, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Homalium 

 tomentosum, Shorea obtusa, Pentacme suavis, Dalbergia cultrata, Bombax insigne, 

 Sterculia spp., Premna tomentosa, as well as many other species. 



A particular form of somewhat dry forest is that known by the Burmans 

 as thitkyin, in which bamboos are scarce or absent and there is often an 

 undergrowth of thorny twiners ; the most characteristic trees are teak, Xylia 

 dolubriformis, Terminalia tomentosa, Homalium tomentosum, and Lagerstroemia 

 Flos-Reginae, and there is sometimes a dense advance growth of young Xylia. 



In moist upper mixed forest the prevailing bamboos vary with locality. 

 Throughout the Pegu Yoma and in certain other tracts the most typical 

 species are Bambusa polymorpha and Cephalostachyum pergracile in its more 

 luxuriant form ; the latter has a wide range in Burma. Locally common is 

 Oxytenanthera albociliata, often on sandy soil. In moist valleys of the Pegu 

 Yoma, Dendrocalamus longispathus is common, and where the moist forest 

 merges into evergreen forest dense masses of Teinostachyum Helferi cover the 

 ground. In the northern parts of Upper Burma among the commoner bamboos 

 of the moist mixed forest are Dendrocalamus Brandisii, D. Hamiltonii, and 

 D. membranaceiis, with Cephalostachyum pergracile plentiful in some locaHties. 



The commoner tree species associated with teak in the moist upper mixed 

 forests are Xylia dolabriformis, Lagerstroemia Flos-Reginae, L. tomentosa, 

 Anogeissus acuminata, Terminalia belerica, T. pyrifolia, Homalium tomentosum, 

 Adina cordifolia, A. sessilifolia, Stephegyne diversifolia, Vitex glabrata, Bombax 

 insigne, Eugenia spp., and where the forest merges into evergreen, Dipterocarpus 

 alatus. 



In the lower mixed deciduous forests teak is associated with Xylia dolabri- 

 formis, Lagerstroemia Flos-Reginae, L. tomentosa, Dipterocarpus alatus, Berrya 

 Ammonilla, Terminalia tomentosa, T. pyrifolia, T. belerica, T. Chebula, Adina 

 cordifolia, A. sessilifolia, Stephegyne diversifolia, Odina Wodier, Spondias 

 mangifera, Eugenia Jambolana, Eriolaena Candollei, Careya arborea, Vitex 

 glabrata, Dillenia pentagyna, Miliusa velutina, Diospyros ehretioides, Dal- 

 bergia cultrata, D. purpurea, Kydia calycina, Pterospermum semisagittatum , 

 Phyllanthus Emblica, Anogeissus acuminata, Bridelia retusa, Schleichera trijuga, 

 and many others. In these forests teak avoids the badly drained areas, but 

 where the drainage is good it may become very plentiful and may reach large 

 dimensions. 



Particularly rich teak forests of the lower mixed type are the Kangyi 

 and Satpok reserves in the Tharrawaddy district, both of which are outlying 

 forests on the alluvial plain of the Myitmaka river. To this type may be 

 referred the interesting forest of Mohnyin in the Katha district of Upper 

 Burma (see Fig. 264). This forest is situated on fiat or nearly fiat ground on 

 deep alluvial soil. Over part of the area teak forms the bulk of the growing 

 stock, and in places is practically pure, and the trees reach very large dimen- 

 sions. The pecuharity about this forest, apart from the high percentage of 



