746 XLVI. VERBENACEAE 



therefore, it would be preferable to create small blocks of pure teak, alternating 

 with similar blocks of other species. Where the object is to introduce a soil- 

 protection wood or a useful accessory species it would be preferable to employ 

 a shade-bearer and to introduce it beneath the teak, thinning the latter out 

 more heavily than would otherwise be the case. In Coorg the system, tried in 

 recent years, of sowing teak, Dalbergia latifolia, and Pterocarpus Marsupium in 

 alternate lines has not proved altogether satisfactory, since the slower initial 

 rate of growth of Dalbergia and Pterocarpus necessitates tending for some time 

 after the teak is established, while later these two species outstrip the teak in 

 height-growth and may give trouble ; it has therefore been proposed to form 

 pure plantations of these three species in alternate blocks not exceeding 50 

 acres in extent. Artocarpus hirsuta has been introduced below teak with 

 considerable success in Travancore, and there are other useiul species which 

 might be tried in this way, such as Hopea parvifiora or Xylia xylocarpa on the 

 west coast and Xylia, dolahriformis in Burma. In Java Schleichera trijuga is 

 looked upon as a very useful soil-protective species under teak. 



In Burma mixed plantations of teak and cutch {Acacia Catechu) have 

 been formed on a fairly extensive scale ; these species do not mix well, but 

 tend to separate out into pure groups, the teak claiming the ground suitable 

 for it, and the cutch occupying the less favourable ground. When such planta- 

 tions are made nowadays it is usual, therefore, to mix the two species by 

 groups, sowing the teak on the better -drained and more fertile ground and the 

 cutch on the less well-drained or poorer ground. Other species which have 

 been tried in mixture with teak in Burma are Xylia dolahriformis and Ptero- 

 carpus macrocarpus, both on a very small scale, and without success ; mahogany, 

 which, as was found also at Mlambur, proved unsuitable for mixture with 

 teak ; Cassia siamea, which was sown in alternate lines with teak, soon 

 overtopped the latter, and had to be cut out ; Millettia Brandisia7ia, result 

 not recorded ; and mango, which in course of time disappeared for some 

 reason not recorded. In the Katha district of Upper Burma recent experi- 

 ments have been carried out in interplanting teak with Cassia Fistula, Xylia 

 dolahriformis, Dysoxylum hinectariferum, Gmelina arborea, Bmnhax insigne, 

 Cedrela Toona, and Lagerstroemia Flos-Reginae. Of these the last two, and 

 particularly Lagerstroemia, show promise. Gmelina arhorea was found to grow 

 too fast and to branch too freely for mixture with teak in alternate lines. 



Certain mixtures have been tried in the Andamans. Between 1883 and 

 1889 teak and padauk {Pterocarpus dalhergioides) were sown 4 ft. apart in 

 alternate lines 9 ft. apart, but the teak soon outstripped and suppressed the 

 padauk. In 1913 teak was sown 3 ft. apart in lines 24 ft. apart, padauk and 

 Albizzia Lebhek being sown broadcast between the lines of teak. In the same 

 year teak was planted with a spacing of 12 ft. by 6 ft. Avith casuarina between, 

 but the latter failed. 



SiLvicuLTURAL TREATMENT. The tending of teak in artificial crops has 

 already been dealt with ; it will be convenient here to deal with the manage- 

 ment and silvicultural treatment of teak forests under separate heads : (1) 

 coppice systems, (2) high forest systems of the selection type, (3) high forest 

 systems with concentrated regeneration, (4) teak in relation to bamboos. 



1. Coppice systems. In the drier parts of the Indian Peninsula, where 



