234 The Smithsonian Institution 



Princeton University in 1896; and in 1894 that of D. C. L. 

 from the University of Oxford. He was the first to receive, in 

 1886, the Henry Draper medal of the National Academy of 

 Sciences for work in astronomical physics. In 1887 he was 

 awarded the Rumford medal by the Royal Society of London, 

 and the Rumford gold and silver medals by the American 

 Academy of Arts and Sciences. It seems especially fit that 

 the American who has in this century been most eminent as 

 a student of the laws of heat should thus come into posses- 

 sion of the two memorials, American and English, of the 

 great American who in the last century made such important 

 contributions to the same branch of science. 



More than all these formal honors, by far, is the world- 

 wide recognition of his achievements in the formulation of 

 the principles of aerodynamics and the discovery of so much 

 of the solar spectrum. 



