I 4 4 SCIENCE AND SOIL 



Orangeburg fine sandy loam (Texas). "Varies in color, being red, brown, 

 or gray. It is a light sandy loam, generally carrying iron concretions. The 

 subsoil is red, friable, sandy clay. The type occupies the upland and has good 

 natural drainage." 



(960 Ib. P.) " Cotton is the principal crop raised upon this soil. Yields from 

 one half to three fourths of a bale per acre are secured. Corn does fairly well. " 

 (Report for 1903, page 495.) 



GLACIAL OR LOESSIAL SOILS 



Shelby silt loam (Missouri) " is a silty soil of medium depth and of a light 

 gray color when dry; dark gray when wet. It grades into a stiff, impervious 

 silty clay, plastic and waxy when wet, friable and loamy when dry. The sub- 

 soil is a dark mottled clay. It is level or gently rolling. The original growth 

 on this type of soil was the prairie grasses. " 



(1920 Ib. P.) "The following yields are secured on this soil in good seasons: 

 Hay, from 2 to 3 tons ; corn, from 35 to 40 bushels ; oats, 30 to 60 bushels ; 

 wheat, 15 to 20 bushels, but uncertain; Kafir corn, 20 to 40 bushels; mil- 

 let, 30 to 40 bushels of seed per acre. The Shelby silt loam is a typical 

 grass soil." (Report for 1903, page 884.) 



Marshall loam (Minnesota) "is a somewhat heavy loam from 10 to 12 inches 

 in depth and of a dark brown color. Under this is a stiff, sticky yellow subsoil 

 to a depth of about 3 feet. Below this is a stiff bowlder clay, mottled yellow 

 and gray. The type is generally rolling and well drained. Bowlders and 

 glacial gravel occur to some extent over this soil." 



(1830 Ib. P.) "The Marshall loam is the safest soil in the area, as it is the 

 surest to produce at least an average crop. . . . The Marshall loam, taken 

 as a whole, excels all other soil types of the area in the production of wheat, 

 on account of the superior quality of the grain produced." (Report for 1903, 

 page 820.) 



Marshall silt loam (Wisconsin) "is a mealy, chocolate -colored silt loam 

 with a dark brown tint when moist. It contains a large amount of silt, and 

 becomes somewhat sticky when wet. It is about 10 inches deep. The sub- 

 soil is a sticky, reddish-yellowish silty clay, about 3 feet deep, and rests upon a 

 glacial gravel or the disintegrating limestone of the region. The soil probably 

 owes some of its distinguishing characteristics to the influence of this limestone. 

 The type is rolling and well drained. It was originally covered with the prairie 

 grasses of the region. " 



(2450 Ib. P.) "It is one of the strongest and most fertile soil types of the 

 region, forming the larger portion of the original rolling prairie of southern 

 Wisconsin. It produces, under average seasonal conditions, from 50 to 60 

 bushels of corn, from 40 to 50 bushels of oats, about i tons of hay, and 1200 

 pounds of tobacco. " (Report for 1902, page 557.) 



Miami silt loam (Wisconsin) "is a very silty loam, light brown when wet, 

 and light gray when dry. Its depth is about 8 inches. It is underlain by several 



