ANALYSIS BY THE UNITED STATES BUREAU 145 



feet of stiff, yellow, silty clay that is always mottled with gray, showing poor 

 drainage and aeration. This type originally consisted mainly of timber lands 

 and oak openings." 



(2100 Ib. P.) "The crop yields on the Edgerton (Miami) silt loam average 

 from 45 to 50 bushels of corn per acre, about 40 bushels of oats, from i to i\ 

 tons of hay, and from noo to 1200 pounds of tobacco." (Report for 1902, 



page 55 7-) 



Marshall black clay loam (Illinois) "is a heavy, somewhat sticky, granular 

 clay loam, containing a large percentage of silt and organic matter. It has 

 a depth of about 18 inches. The subsoil is a mottled yellow or drab-colored 

 sticky, silty clay. This soil type has formed where the natural drainage was 

 poor. The surface is level. In its original condition it was wet and swampy 

 and required thorough drainage. " 



(2970 Ib. P.) "There are few soils more productive than the Miami (Mar- 

 shall) black clay loam. Some areas have been cropped almost continuously 

 in corn for nearly fifty years without much diminution in the yields, but the 

 effect will undoubtedly be seen if the practice is continued much longer." 

 (Report for 1903, page 787.) 



Marion silt loam (Illinois, gray silt loam on tight clay) "consists of a light 

 brown to whitish very silty loam, containing very little organic matter. Its depth 

 averages 12 inches. The soil cakes on drying, but breaks down into flourlike 

 dust when pulverized. The subsoil is heavier, and contains more clay. It is so 

 impervious to water as to be locally called hardpan. The lower subsoil is a 

 hard, silty, mottled yellow clay, often containing iron concretions. Below 4 

 or 5 feet, more or less gravel is found. The type is level or slightly rolling. 

 The soil has very poor natural drainage, owing to the rather impervious 

 subsoil and the level surface. While of loessial origin, this soil has been 

 largely formed from sandstones and shales ground up by glaciers." 



(1050 Ib. P.) "The average yield of corn is not much more than 15 bushels 

 per acre. . . . The Marion silt loam is not a strong soil, and is not well adapted 

 to general farming purposes. The small yield of corn indicates that it is not 

 a good soil for that crop, although the profit from corn, according to many 

 farmers, is as much as from other crops. " (Report for 1902, page 542.) 



Miami sand (Ohio) "is a coarse to medium loose and deep yellowish sand. 

 It is underlain by a yellow sand of about the same texture. It is level to rolling, 

 and consists of glacial material somewhat modified by wind action. It occupies 

 elevated positions, and is well drained. " 



(2360 Ib. P.) "Grass, corn, wheat, truck, and fruit are grown on 'this soil. 

 The quality of these is good, and in some cases better than the produce grown on 

 the other soils in the area, but the yield is usually 15 to 30 per cent less, and crops 

 sometimes are cut short or fail because of susceptibility to drought. The 

 yield of wheat ranges from 10 to 20 bushels per acre, and of corn from 20 to 

 45 bushels per acre. . . . This soil yields from 75 to 120 bushels per acre of 

 an excellent quality of potatoes. " (Report for 1902, page 394.) 



W abash loam (Ohio) "is a dark brown to black soil of good depth, and con- 



