No. 4.] DAIRY ECONOMICS. 185 



cents a pound to produce it. Take two pigs and put them 

 in the barn, weigh them and weigh the food given to them, 

 and one pig produces a growth of a pound to a pound and :i 

 half a da} r at a certain cost for food, and the other pig 

 doesn't produce more than two-thirds of that growth at the 

 same cost in food ; and you see, don't you, that the eco- 

 nomic proposition there is in favor of the first pig. Take 

 the recent experiments at the Pan-American Exposition. 

 You find they were based upon the question of the expense, 

 the cost ; and you find that certain animals there produce, 

 not a poor result, but at an enhanced cost. Now, it has 

 not come within the comprehension of the average farmer 

 in this country, until within a few years, that this great 

 factor of economic cost and the food proposition is a con- 

 stant one. We cannot get awa} T from it. Now, my friend 

 here speaks of the Short-horn cows. I have known some 

 magnificent Short-horns. One of my neighbors had a 

 Short-horn cow that gave him 18 pounds of butter a week, 

 but that doesn't tell the whole story. Y r ou would expect 

 that this cow would breed a magnificent herd, but that cow 

 gave him three heifer calves, practically worthless. That 

 cow possessed the beef temperament. As a milker, she was 

 a sport. She couldn't breed the heredity which lies in a long 

 line of stored-up heredity in that direction. I know 7 a half- 

 breed trotting horse, bred from Clyde, and this mare shows 

 phenomenal speed, and she trotted as well as 2.22 or 2.23 ; 

 and the man who owned her has bred from her three colts, 

 and not one can trot a mile in 4 minutes. Now, why? 

 These laws of breeding, — I wish I could get men to pa- 

 tiently think on this question. It is not a question of par- 

 tisanship with me, not a question of whether I love the 

 Guernsey cow, or the Jersey, or the Holstein. It is a 

 question of physiological study. Is there any reason in the 

 law of dairy breeding? Y^es, says everybody. Is there any 

 reason in the law of beef breeding? Y r es, says everybody ; 

 and yet, the moment he is left, that man proceeds to juggle 

 with it. We could find some in every herd of cattle bred 

 in New England fifty years ago showing splendid dairy 

 qualities ; but I think my friend will have difficulty if he 



