200 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



little influence has been traced, on clover and lucerne, though 

 previous to 18G0 it had always been more or less used, and 

 where used it neither appears in the soil nor was it observed in 

 the greater yield of crops. 



Lime aslies from the brick-kiln, all that can be had, are 

 applied to worn-out soils with the best results, especially in 

 connection with the manuring for rape seed. But two to three 

 hundred bushels can be had. 



The mud or -settlings, in the mill pond, is very rich, and is 

 taken out every six or seven years, amounting to 250 cart- 

 loads. The yard where the young stock is allowed to run, at 

 certain times, is supplied with rape-stalks, old straw and some 

 similar substances, and the rakings from it are put upon the 

 compost heap, and with that upon the fields. 



No manures are bought for the farm, but they sometimes 

 spend from 60 to 70 florins, or 25 to 30 dollars, a year for horn- 

 shavings and wool-waste from the manufactories, for the trees 

 in the nurseries, 



I might give much more extended details of the foregoing 

 and many other branches of this institute, and its management 

 of the great estate on which it is located, but what has been 

 said will serve to show with what degree of system and care 

 the whole establishment is carried on, and how useful such 

 experiments and details here might be made to the farming 

 community. Each school, properly conducted, would become 

 in fact a great experimental station, the results of which would 

 serve, in a measure, to educate the whole community, as well as 

 the students who might have the more direct advantages of it. 



The number of students in the higher institute at the time I 

 was there was 150. The ancient riding-schools, with ceilings 

 adorned by splendid fresco paintings by some of the first artists 

 of the last century, are now used as barns for the storage of 

 grain. 



The collection of implements at this school is, I think, the 

 most extensive and instructive of any I saw in Europe. The 

 collection of models is also very large and well arranged. The 

 students in the lower school, or school of practical farming, 

 have a lecture from 5 to 6 in the morning, then work from 

 7 to 11^, and from 1 to 6^ or 7. They have another lecture or 

 study from 8 to 9 o'clock. The time devoted to study and 



