No. 4.] CATTLE COMMISSIONERS' REPORT. 521 



relations between bovine and human tuberculosis, in which, 

 anions? other things, he stated that bovine tuberculosis was of 

 comparatively recent date in this country, and was undoubtedly 

 imported. It is undoubtedly infectious, and easily transmitted 

 by tissue or milk to other animals. Where an infected herd is 

 found, the young stock and hogs are often found infected by 

 the milk. There are two kinds of the disease in both bovines 

 and man, — acute and chronic. The symptoms are much the 

 same in both humans and bovines, although, while in man it 

 causes emaciation, the bovines are usually as sleek and fat as 

 ever. The bovines retain their appetite, while the humans 

 lose theirs. He gave several instances where the owners of 

 herds found to be infected with tuberculosis had died with 

 pulmonary tuberculosis, evidently taken from the milk of the 

 animals. Other instances were given where the pricking of a 

 finger on a piece of bone from an infected animal had caused 

 tubercular meningitis. All the standard medical works recog- 

 nize the use of tuberculous meat and milk, especially the latter, 

 as a potent cause of tuberculosis in man. For this reason the 

 boiling of milk is usually advisable. 



Among the various forms of human tuberculosis we have 

 the acute general miliary form, resembling the acute fevers, 

 usually terminating fatally in a few weeks. Then we have 

 several types affecting the lungs more particularly, acute and 

 chronic miliary tuberculosis of the lungs, and acute and chronic 

 tubercular phthisis. Tubercular lymphatic glands are very 

 common, particularly in children. Tubercular meningitis is 

 also becoming quite common in children, while tuberculosis of 

 the intestines and mesenteric lymphatic glands accounts for 

 a large proportion of the deaths of children, particularly in 

 our large cities, from so-called bowel difficulties. The tuber- 

 culous affections of the skin are lupus, scrofuloderma and ana- 

 tomical tubercule. Rectal fistula and much of the so-called 

 chronic diarrhoea arc now considered to be of tubercular origin. 

 Tuberculosis of the joints and bones is very common indeed, 

 familiar examples of which are hip-joint diseases, white swell- 

 ing of the knee and Pott's disease of the spine. 



Mortality statistics show that fourteen per cent, of all deaths 

 result from tuberculosis. The human system is equally if not 

 more susceptible to the invasion of this infection than that of 



