546 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



used as a stable for cows should be properly lighted and venti- 

 lated ; should have a tight floor and roof ; good drainage con- 

 necting wherever possible with a practicable sewer pipe and 

 supply of pure water and not less than one thousand cubic feet 

 of air space for each animal ; that manure should not be allowed 

 to accumulate in the neighborhood ; that yards surrounding 

 buildings where cows are kept should be well drained, free 

 from standing water and tilth ; that barns should be swept once 

 at least each day, and kept as clean as possible, and the floors 

 should be sprinkled before being swept ; that no hogs or manure 

 should be kept in the cellars under cow stables ; that animals 

 kept for the production of milk should not be fed upon swill of 

 any kind. 



The commission would also advise that, as far as practicable, 

 consumptive people should not be allowed to come in any way 

 in contact with neat cattle ; although in this connection it should 

 be stated that modern investigation tends more and more to 

 show that, while the danger of the transmission of tuberculosis 

 from the lower animals to man is great, the danger of transmis- 

 sion in the other direction is not so great as has been supposed. 



Laboratory experiments indicate that the bacillus from the 

 human subject is much less virulent than that from the bovine. 

 Comparative microscopical examinations show clearly the 

 rugged, hardy appearance of the bovine, as compared with the 

 slender, bent bacillus of man ; and the growth of the cultures 

 too-ether in the same media have demonstrated that the bacillus 



© 



of the bovine kills out the bacillus from the human subject. 



In 1864 Villimen, and in 1869 Klebs, produced tuberculosis 

 in calves by injecting tuberculous masses from man into their 

 peritoneal cavity ; but these experiments are directly offset by 

 those conducted by Prof. Theobald Smith, who has recently 

 informed us that with the pure culture of the bacilli, procured 

 from the animal pet of a consumptive man, he had been unable, 

 by injection into the peritoneal cavity of bovines, to reproduce 

 the disease ; and, while tuberculisoidin and other antitoxines 

 have marked beneficial effect upon cases of the disease, which 

 resulted from the inoculation of the bacilli from man, it had no 

 such salutary effect when injected into animals which had 

 derived the disease from the bovine virus. This was confirmed 

 by experiments on three guinea-pigs which had been inoculated 



