66 



GENUS XANTHOCEPHALUS BONAPARTE. 



*177. Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Bonap.). YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD. 



Summer resident among the lakes and swamps of the northwestern part of 

 the State, said to be common occasionally in Lake County. Mr. Charles Dury 

 has also obtained specimens from English Lake. Breeds in Lake County (Toppan ); 

 also abundantly about Mud Lake, on the Illinois and Indiana line. 



GENUS AGELAIUS VIEILLOT. 



:: 178. Agelaius phoeniceus ( Linn.). RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD ; SWAMP BLACKBIRD - r 

 RED-SHOULDERED BLACKBIRD. 



Common summer resident. Most numerous in the vicinity of swamps and 

 marches. Breeds. 



GENUS STURNELLA VIEILLOT. 

 *179. Sturnella magna (Linn.). MEADOW LARK. 



Bill and foot of Meadow Lark, nat. s-ize, 



Abundant summer resident. Breeds. Resident in some numbers in the son then* 

 part of the State. I do not know that the Western form (Sturnella magna negkct'i] 

 has been found within the State, but I identified a specimen in Cook County, 111., 

 near the Indiana line, in March, 1890. dher specimens have been recorded from 

 the same county (Ridt;way, The Ornithology of Illinois, vol. 1, p. 318). 



GENUS ICTERUS BRISSON. 



Subgenus PENDULINUS Vieillo*. 



180. Icterus spurius (Linn.). ORCHARD ORIOLE. 



Summer resident, locally common ; seems to be becoming more common each 

 year. Breeds. Although they occasionally eat some fruit they are not to be con- 

 sidered non-beneficial, but rather they are great insect destroyers in spring and 

 early summer about the orchard, and later among the cornfields, where the family 

 may be found in company after they have left the nest. My attention has been 

 called to the fact that they are great destroyers of insects which make a cocoon of 

 the leaves of the grape. 



Subgenus YPHANTES Vieillot. 



*181. Icterus galbula (Linn.). BALTIMORE ORIOLE; HANG-NEST; FIRE BIRD. 



Summer resident; most numerous along water-courses and about lakes ; breeds. 

 These birds appear to be becoming; less numerous each year. 



