75 



GENUS PASSERELLA SWAINSON. 



Bill of Fox Sparrow, nat.size. 



216. Passerella iliaca (Merr.). Fox SPARROW; RED SPARROW. 



Common migrant. A large and beautiful fox-colored sparrow, which arrives 

 eomeiimes about the middle of February, and leaves by middle of April. Return- 

 ing, they are present throughout October. They frequent thickets, brier patches- 

 and brush piles, and are of a retiring habit. 



GENUS PIPILO VIEILLOT. 



*217. Pipilo erythrophthalmus(ifttt.). TOWHEE; "CHEWINK.;" "JEWEE;" GROUNI> ROBIN; 

 MARSH ROBIN. 



Common resident southward, summer resident northward. Breeds. Distribu- 

 ted everywhere among bushes and thickets; sometimes even found within the 

 larger towns. Nest usually upon the ground, but occasionally in a bush. The 

 males have a very pretty song. The first three names are derived from the ordi- 

 nary call of the bird, which somewhat resembles the words used. They are notice- 

 ably more common during the migration?. Usually nests on the ground, but occa- 

 sionally the nests are found several feet high in bushes. 



GENUS CARDINALTS BONAPARTE. 



Head of Cardinal, nat. size. 



; 218. Cardinalis cardinalis (Linn.). CARDINAL; CARDINAL GROSBEAK ; "RED-BIRD." 

 Very common resident in the southern half of the State, north of that they 

 are perhaps resident, but vary much in numbers, according to localities. Breeds. 

 They are rare in Dakalb County ( Hon. R. Wes McBride, Mrs. J. L. Hine ); Porter 

 County ( Trouslot, Byrkit); Allen County ( Stockbridge). In the extreme north- 

 west counties of the State they are very rare, and may be said to be of accidental 

 occurrence. They nest quite early in April. They are easily tamed and are 

 largely captured in many localities for cage birds. The song is a very character- 

 istic one, only resembled so far as I know by some of the notes of the Carolina 

 Wren. The Cardinal is one of the most noticeable features of our avian fauna. 



