HIPPEASTRUM. 



411 



grains may begin at the distal end, accompanied by dis- 

 tention of the capsule at this region. 



The reaction with cupric chloride begins in very rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 much less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of 

 grains and total starch in 5 minutes; in about 1 per cent 

 of the grains and 2 per cent of the total starch in 15 

 minutes; in about 2 per cent of the grains and 3 per cent 

 of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 3 per cent of 

 the grains and 4 per cent of the total starch in 45 min- 

 utes ; little if any further advance in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D61.) 



The reaction with barium chloride begins in very 

 rare grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains 

 and total starch in 5 minutes; still in less than 0.5 per 

 cent of the grains and total starch in 15 minutes; still 

 in less than 0.5 per cent of the grains and 1 per cent of 

 the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of 

 the grains and 2 per cent of the total starch in 45 min- 

 utes ; in about 1 per cent of the grains and 3 per cent of 

 the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 62.) 



The reaction with mercuric chloride begins in very 

 rare grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains 

 and total starch in 5 minutes; little if any progress in 

 15 minutes; slight progress, or about 1 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes ; complete gelatinization occurs 

 in about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 2 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes ; little if any 

 further progress in 60 minutes. (Chart D 63.) 



HlPPEASTRUM PTREHA (POLLEN PARENT). 



(Plate 2, fig. 11; Charts D 43 to D G3.) 



Histologic Properties. 



In form the grains are usually simple and isolated, 



and there are fewer compound grains consisting usually 



of two, rarely more, components, and fewer aggregates 



than were recorded in H. ossultan; many more single 



grains, however, are noted with one or more pressure 



facets on the distal end or on the sides. This starch 



is somewhat more irregular than that of H. ossultan. 



The irregularities are due to the following causes: (1) 



Shallow depressions in and flattening of the margin ; 



(2) secondary deposits on the primary grain; (3) a few 

 nipple-like protuberances; (4) the greater development 

 of one part of the distal margin, or of one side; (5) pres- 

 sure facets on the distal end and sides. The con- 

 spicuous forms are round and nearly round, elliptical and 

 ovoid, usually with both ends rounded. There are also 

 lenticular, reniform, and triangular forms. This starch 

 closely resembles II. ossultan in form, the most conspic- 

 uous difference being in its tendency to more irregularity. 



The hilum when not fissured is a moderately distinct, 

 round or, rarely, lenticular-shaped spot. It is frequently 

 fissured, much more often than was noted under H. ossul- 

 tan, and the fissuration is more extensive. The fissures 

 take the following forms : ( 1 ) A single, straight, trans- 

 verse or oblique f orm ; ( 2 ) cruciform, T- and Y-shaped ; 



(3) flying-bird form; (4) a number of irregular fissures 

 proceeding from a central cavity. The hilum is rarely 

 centric, otherwise it is eccentric from 0.4 to 0.25, usually 

 0.3, of the longitudinal axis. The hilum is, as a rule, 

 more eccentric than in H. ossultan. 



The lamcllw are often indistinct, but there are more 

 grains with distinct lamella' than is noted in II. ossultan. 

 They are rather coarse and usually all have the form of 

 the outline of the grain (hough this may lie considerably 

 modified. When there are secondary deposits of the 

 starch the lamella? are coarser and more distinct in these 

 than in those of the primary deposit. The number of 

 lamella 1 counted on some of tin- common-sized and larger 

 grains varies from 6 to 12, usually 8. There are fewer 

 lamella on the grains, as a rule, than in //. ossultan. 



In size the grains vary from the smaller which are 

 3 by 3/i to the larger broad forms which are 34 by 32/* 

 and the larger elongated forms which are 38 by 30/* in 

 length and breadth. The common-sizes are 20 by 20/*, 

 and 20 by 16/*. The grains are smaller than those of 

 H. ossultan, but have, as a rule, much the same pro- 

 portions of length to breadth. 



Polariscopic Properties. 



The figure varies from centric to eccentric, the ma- 

 jority being eccentric, hence the mean is eccentric — 

 slightly more eccentric than in H. ossultan. The figure 

 is usually distinct and clean-cut. The lines vary from 

 fine to moderately coarse with broadening towards the 

 margin as in 77. ossultan, and most of them intersect 

 obliquely, though some cross at right angles, while 

 rarely they are so arranged as to form a median line 

 with bisected ends, the last two a little less frequently 

 than in H. ossultan. The lines are usually straight, 

 but are occasionally bent, a little less frequently than in 

 H. ossultan. Double figures are occasionally present, but 

 less frequent than in II. ossultan. 



The degree of polarization is moderately high to very 

 high (value 85), a little less of the former than in H. 

 ossultan, hence the mean is slightly higher; variation 

 also occurs in the same aspect of a given grain as in 

 II. ossultan. 



With selenite the quadrants are well defined, generally 

 unequal in size, and usually regular in shape, about the 

 same as in II. ossultan. The colors are generally pure, 

 about the same as in H. ossultan. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains imme- 

 diately color a moderate to moderately deep blue-violet 

 (value 55), deeper and more bluish in tint than in H. 

 ossultan, and the color deepens quickly to deep, deeper 

 than in H. ossultan. With 0.125 per cent Lugol's solu- 

 tion the grains color light to moderately light blue-violet, 

 a little deeper than in II. ossultan, which quickly deepens 

 from moderately deep to deep. After heating in water 

 until the grains are gelatinized, and then adding a 2 per 

 cent Lugol's solution the grains color a light to deep 

 blue, many with a reddish tint, the mean moderately deep 

 in color, deeper and less reddish in tint than in H. ossul- 

 tan, and the solution a deep indigo-blue. If the prepara- 

 tion is boiled for 2 minutes and then treated with an 

 excess of 2 per cent Lugol's solution the grain-residues 

 color a light to deep blue, occasionally tinged with red, 

 the mean is moderately light to moderate in depth, lighter 

 and less reddish in tint than in H. ossultan. The 

 capsules color a light violet to moderate heliotrope, the 

 mean being moderately light, lighter and less reddish in 

 tint than in IT. ossultan: and the solution colors a very 

 deep indigo-blue. 



