CRINUM. 



455 



more prominent (possibly on account of indistinctness 

 of most of the lamella?) and present in a larger number 

 of grains, than in G. moorei. Often 2, sometimes 3, very 

 coarse, refractive lamellae are seen, between which fine 

 lamella? are grouped. The occasional bands of fairly 

 coarse, refractive lamella 1 , located as in G. moorei, are 

 observed more often than in C. moorei, especially at the 

 distal margin. Such a band at the distal margin of the 

 clam-shell-shaped grains is frequently bounded on both 

 sides by very coarse, refractive, and wavy lamellae, while 

 in C. moorei these lamella? may be observed only on the 

 side toward the main body of grain. Grains having a 

 secondary set of lamella? placed at varying angles to the 

 primary set are very rarely observed and therefore less 

 numerous than in C. moorei. The number of lamellae 

 in the primary set of large grains was found to vary 

 from 48 to 54, but these grains of this species are deeply 

 fissured at the hilum, and the lamella? so indistinct in this 

 region that the actual number is uncertain. The number 

 is less than in C. moorei. 



The size varies from the smaller which are 6 by 5/*, 

 to the larger which are 68 by 56/u,, in length and breadth. 

 There is less variation in size among the large grains 

 than in C. moorei. The common size is about 50 by 38^, 

 distinctly larger than in C. moorei. 



Polariscopic Properties. 



The figure is eccentric, but with less variation in posi- 

 tion than in C. moorei; it is distinct and clear cut. The 

 lines are fairly fine, but not so fine in the majority of the 

 grains as in G. moorei; and they are more often straight 

 with a broadening towards the margin and less frequently 

 bent and bisected than in G. moorei. Double figures 

 are not quite so numerous as in C. moorei. 



The degree of polarization is very high (value 93). 

 Polarization in many grains is extremely high, but in the 

 majority it is very high. The mean is much higher than 

 in C. moorei. Variation is often present in the same 

 aspect of a grain, but it is little less than in G. moorei. 



With selenite the quadrants are well defined, unequal 

 in size, and sometimes irregular in shape, but usually 

 much more regular than in C. moorei. The colors are 

 usually pure, more often than in G. moorei, but there is 

 a larger number of grains having a greenish tinge. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color 

 a light to moderate blue-violet (value 35), lighter and 

 less bluish than in C. moorei. The color deepens some- 

 what rapidly to a moderately deep blue-violet, but does 

 not become so deep or so blue as in C. moorei, and there is 

 more variation in depth of color of the different grains. 

 With a 0.125 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color 

 very light, lighter and more reddish in tone than in C. 

 moorei. In the majority the color deepens somewhat 

 rapidly to a fair violet while others remain very light, the 

 color being lighter, more reddish, and more uneven in 

 depth in the different grains than in C. moorei. After 

 heating in water, until the grains are gelatinized, and 

 then adding 2 per cent Lugol's solution, the majority of 

 the grains color a fairly deep and a few a deep blue, very 

 rarely with a reddish tint, the shade of blue being a little 

 deeper and more often apparently free from red than in 

 G. moorei. An occasional capsule is found of an old-rose 



or a heliotrope color. The solution colors a deep indigo- 

 blue, a little deeper than in C. moorei. If the prepara- 

 tion is boiled for a few minutes and then treated with an 

 excess of 0.2 per cent Lugol's solution, most of the grain- 

 residues are colored a moderately light blue, a few moder- 

 ately deep blue (some with reddish tint), but deeper and 

 of a less reddish tint than in C. moorei. The capsules 

 are colored a deep old-rose, a deep heliotrope, or a wine- 

 red, but there are not so many of the last as there are 

 in C. moorei. 



Aniline Reactions. 



With gentian violet the grains color moderately at 

 once, deeper than in C. moorei. In half an hour the 

 color is moderately deep to deep (value G7) with more 

 grains of the latter than in 0. moorei, hence the average 

 coloration is a little deeper. A delicate band of deep 

 color at or near the distal margin is often found on the 

 less-colored grains, and it is much more prominent and 

 appears in many more grains than in G. moorei. Rarely 

 the main body of the grain stains more deeply than the 

 band at the distal margin when the latter is composed 

 of very refractive lamella?, as is common in C. moorei. 

 The very rare sets of secondary lamella? are colored more 

 deeply than the primary set, the reverse being more com- 

 mon in G. moorei. The contrast in depth of color of 

 the main body of the grains with band of deep color is 

 much greater than in C. moorei. 



With safranin the grains react lightly at once, and 

 in half an hour the color is moderately deep to deep 

 (value 67). The variations in depth are 6omewhat 

 greater, and there is a larger proportion of deeply col- 

 ored grains than in C. moorei, thus making the mean 

 coloration a little deeper. The unevenness of coloration 

 in the grains which have bands and secondary lamella? 

 of deeper color is the same as with gentian violet, but the 

 difference in depth is not so great. In comparison with 

 C. moorei, the reaction is the same as with gentian violet. 



Temperature Reactions. 

 The majority of the grains are gelatinized at 77° 

 to 78° C, and all but rare resistant grains at 79° to 

 80° C, mean 79.5° C. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 



The reaction with chloral hydrate begins in but rare 

 grains in 2 minutes. Complete gelatinization was not 

 observed and less than 0.5 per cent of the total starch 

 is gelatinized in 5 minutes. Complete gelatinization 

 occurs in about 0.5 per cent of the entire number of 

 grains and 2 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; 

 in about 1 per cent of the grains, and 3 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes ; and in about 3 per cent of the 

 grains and 5 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes. 

 Little if any further change occurs in 60 minutes. 

 (Chart D 127.) 



The cleft at the hilum which is present in most of the 

 grains becomes much enlarged and very refractive. In 

 a few grains a small bubble appears which is not inclosed 

 within a fissure. The refractive enlarged fissure is much 

 more frequently seen than in C. moorei. The lamella? 

 do not usually become more distinct at once, even less so 

 than in C. moorei. A refractive border is formed as in 

 C. moorei, but it generally becomes broader at the distal 

 margin previous to gelatinization than in G. moorei. 



