CRINUM. 



473 



per cent of the entire number of grains and in 37 per 

 cent of the total starch in 5 minutes ; in about 11 per cent 

 of the grains and 65 per cent of the total starch in 15 

 minutes; in about 25 per cent of the grains and 75 per 

 cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 30 per 

 cent of the grains and 81 per cent of the total starch in 

 45 minutes; and in about 50 per cent of the grains and 

 85 per cent of the total starch in GO minutes. (Chart 

 D153.) 



The reaction with potassium hydroxide begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 3 per 

 cent of the entire number of grains and 11 per cent of the 

 total starch in 5 minutes; in about 30 per cent of the 

 grains and 52 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; 

 in about 40 per cent of the grains and 65 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes; in about 44 per cent of the 

 grains and 67 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes; 

 and in about 46 per cent of the grains and 70 per cent 

 of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 154.) 



The reaction progresses somewhat further than in C. 

 zeylanicum, but not nearly so far as in C. longifolium. 

 The fissures at and proceeding from the hilum become 

 more enlarged and refractive than in either parent. The 

 lamellae located between the hilum and a few that form 

 the marginal border become more distinct and striated, 

 and more sharply defined than in C. zeylanicum, but 

 not so distinct as in C. longifolium. The lamella? form- 

 ing the marginal border also frequently become more 

 sharply defined and striated, as noted in both parents. 

 Gelatinization proceeds along the course of the fissures, 

 which fissures are more varied in form but more closely 

 resemble those of C. zeylanicum than of C. longifolium. 

 ' As the lamella? are disorganized, refractive granules ap- 

 pear of about the same brilliancy as in C. zeylanicum, 

 but more refractive than in C. longifolium. The starch 

 at (lie proximal end and sides nearby is the most resistant 

 in the majority of grains, as noted in both parents, but 

 in a few grains both proximal and distal ends may 

 become completely gelatinized, and a band from each side 

 that extends through the region of the hilum proves the 

 most resistant. The gelatinized grains are swollen and 

 distorted, about the same as those of the parents. The 

 qualitative reactions exhibit a closer relationship to C. 

 zeylanicum than C longifolium. 



The reaction with potassium iodide begins in a few 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 1 per cent of the entire number of grains and 3 per 

 cent of the total starch in 5 minutes ; in about 8 per cent 

 of the grains and 18 per cent of the total starch in 15 

 minutes ; in about 13 per cent of the grains and 28 per 

 cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 18 per 

 cent of the grains and 39 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes; and in about 24 per cent of the grains 

 and 45 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D155.) 



The fissures at the hilum become much enlarged, more 

 so than in either parent. They are very refractive, in- 

 closing gas, which frequently collects in large bubbles 

 and is expelled as refractivity is lost. The formation of 

 bubbles is much more marked than in either parent. The 

 lamella? become more sharply defined and striated than 

 in either parent. Fissures are present which are of simi- 

 lar character to those of both parents, but more like those 

 of C. zeylanicum, though the one plume-like fissure tra- 



versing the main body of the grain is usually deeper and 

 more frequently bifurcated towards the distal margin. 

 The mesial portion undergoes gelatinization that is at- 

 tended by the appearance of granules, among which are 

 scattered more brilliant granules. These very brilliant 

 granules occur more frequently than in either parent. A 

 distal band may become gelatinized without the appear- 

 ance of granules, and occasionally this band may extend 

 entirely around the grain. While it appears more fre- 

 quently it is less distorted and narrower than in C. zey- 

 lawicum, but more frequently narrower and with about 

 the same distortion as in C. longifolium. The lamellae at 

 the distal margin are more frequently disorganized with 

 the appearance of linearly arranged granules than in 

 either parent ; but nearer to that observed in C. zeylani- 

 cum than in C. longifolium. The completely gelatinized 

 grains are much swollen, and are more distorted than in 

 either parent. The grains are usually not completely 

 gelatinized, at least a few brilliant granules being pres- 

 ent. In the grains which are almost gelatinized there is 

 frequently found a clear, narrow border around the entire 

 margin. This border is lined by a narrow refractive band 

 that is either striated or broken into linear granules, 

 which was not observed in either parent. The main body 

 of the grain is deeply cut at the fissure, and scattered 

 brilliant granules appear along its distorted margin. 

 These grains do not bear much resemblance to those of 

 either parent. Grains are present, however, in which 

 the refractive band at the proximal end and sides nearby 

 is not outlined by a gelatinized border, and this band is 

 similar to those of the parents, but is usually narrower 

 and more frequently differentiated into lamella? than in 

 either parent. The qualitative reactions more closely 

 follow those observed in O. zeylanicum than in C. longi- 

 folium, but it exhibits marked individual characteristics. 

 The reaction with potassium sulphocyanate begins 

 in a few grains immediately. Complete gelatinization 

 occurs in about 2 per cent of the entire number of 

 grains and 7 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes ; 

 in about 30 per cent of the grains and 50 per cent of 

 the total starch in 15 minutes; in about 45 per cent 

 of the grains and 70 per cent of the total starch in 30 

 minutes; in about 48 per cent of the grains and 76 per 

 cent of the total starch in 45 minutes; and in about 62 

 per cent of the grains and 82 per cent of the total starch 

 in 60 minutes. (Chart D 156.) 



The fissures become more enlarged and refractive than 

 in either parent. The refractivity is rapidly lost, accom- 

 panied by the expulsion of a very large bubble. The 

 loss of refractivity occurs much more quickly, and the 

 bubble is much larger and observed with much greater 

 frequency than in C. zeylanicum; but the refractivity 

 disappears somewhat less rapidly and the bubble is larger 

 than in C. longifolium. The relationship in this respect 

 is a little closer to the latter. A refractive border appears 

 at the distal margin where the lamella? are often indis- 

 tinct. It is more refractive and the lamella? are less 

 often demonstrable than in C. zeylanicum, but the border 

 is not quite so refractive and lamella? are more frequently 

 demonstrable than in C. longifolium. 



The beginning of gelatinization is more varied than 

 in either parent. It may start at the distal margin, 

 accompanied by greater distention of the capsule than in 



