CRINUM. 



475 



somewhat less distortion than in the parents. WJun 

 this border does not extend around the entire grain, 

 a narrow border at the proximal end and sides nearby 

 is the most resistant part, and it becomes much striated 

 but is usually gelatinized without breaking into gran- 

 ules, much less frequently than in C. zeylanicum , about 

 as in C. longifolium. The gelatinized grains are much 

 swollen and distorted, more than in C. zeylanicum., and 

 quite as much as in C. longifolium. A small percent- 

 age of the grains otherwise gelatinized have a narrow 

 refractive border remaining at the proximal end and 

 sides nearby, sometimes also a group of grauules in the 

 area around the hilum, less frequently than in C. zey- 

 lanicwm, but much more frequently than in C. longi- 

 folium. The qualitative reactions exhibit a little closer 

 relationship to C. zeylanicum, but in many grains charac- 

 teristics of C. longifolium occur, and methods of gelatin- 

 ization which are characteristic of the hybrid are evident. 



The reaction with sodium salicylate begins in a few 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 1 per cent of the entire number of grains and 3 

 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes ; in about 6 per 

 cent of the grain and 9 per cent of the total starch in 

 15 minutes; in about 35 per cent of the grains and 40 

 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 60 

 per cent of the grains and 69 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes; and in about 73 per cent of the grains 

 and 78 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D160.) 



A bubble appears at the hilum usually inclosed within 

 a much enlarged fissure. The bubble expands more and 

 resists expulsion longer than in either parent, but closer 

 to C. zeylanicum than to C. longifolium. The lamellae 

 may become temporarily more distinct, and a refractive 

 border appears which may be separated from the rest of 

 the grain by one very brilliant lamella; this refractive 

 border more frequently extends around the entire grain 

 than in the parents, but less often observed in C. zeylani- 

 cum than in C. longifolium. Gelatinization begins and 

 proceeds more frequently as observed in C. zeylanicum 

 than in C. longifolium : although the border at the proxi- 

 mal end and sides nearby is not quite as resistant and the 

 reaction may proceed from both the distal and the proxi- 

 mal ends more frequently than in C. zeylanicum, while 

 the proximal end and sides nearby are decidedly more 

 resistant than in C. longifolium. Irregular fissures of 

 the same character appear but are less frequent than in 

 C. zeylanicum, and are much more common than in C. 

 longifolium. Definite fissures starting from the hilum 

 were not observed, which is the same as was noted for 

 C. zeylanicum, but such fissures had been recorded in C. 

 longifolium. The gelatinized grain is about the same as 

 in the parents. At the end of the reaction more grains 

 remain but little affected than in either parent. The 

 bubble is very large and very resistant, and may mechani- 

 cally interfere with the action of the reagent. The quali- 

 tative reactions exhibit a decidedly closer relationship to 

 C. zeylanicum than to C. longifolium. 



The reaction with calcium nit/ate begins in a few 

 grains in 1.5 minutes. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains 

 and 2 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes ; in about 

 5 per cent of the grains anil 11 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about the same percentage of grains 



and 15 per cent of each in 30 minutes; in about 9.5 per 

 cent of the grains and 19 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes; and in about 20 per cent of the total 

 starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 161.) 



The reaction with uranium nitrate begins in a few 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 only rare grains and in about 0.5 per cent of the total 

 starch in 5 minutes; in about 2.5 per cent of the grains 

 and ;!.•"> per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; in 

 about 3.5 per cent of the grains and 6 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes ; in about the same percentage 

 of grains and in 8 per cent of the total starch in 45 

 minutes ; and in about the same percentage of grains and 

 10 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D 162.) 



The reaction with strontium nitrate begins in rare 

 grains in half a minute. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in only rare grains and in less than 0.5 per cent of the 

 total starch in 5 minutes; in only rare grains and in 

 about 3 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; in 

 about 3 per cent of the grains and 6 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes; in about 8 per cent of the 

 grains and 15 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes ; 

 and in about 25 per cent of the grains and 32 per cent 

 of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 163.) 



The reaction with cobalt nitrate begins in very rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Gelatinization occurs in much less 

 than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and total 

 starch in 5 minutes; in less than 0.5 per cent of the 

 grains and total starch in 15 minutes; in about 1 per 

 cent of the grains and total starch in 30 minutes; in 

 very slightly more of each in 45 minutes; and in about 

 1 per cent of the entire number of grains and 2 per cent 

 of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 164.) Gela- 

 tinization begins at the distal margin of the few grains 

 in which the process is noted; similar to that observed 

 for both parents. 



The reaction with copper nitrate begins in rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Much less than 0.5 per cent of the 

 entire number of grains and the total starch are gela- 

 tinized in 5 minutes. Complete gelatinization occurs 

 in about 2 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 4 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; in about 

 3 per cent of the grains and in 5 per cent of the total 

 starch in 30 minutes; in about 4 per cent of the grains 

 and 7 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes; in 

 about the same percentage of the grains and 8 per cent 

 of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart D 165.) 



Gelatinization is more rapid at the distal margin. It 

 may begin there and be accompanied by considerable ex- 

 tension but very little if any ruffling, much less of the 

 latter than in both parents; the extension more closely 

 resembles C. zeylanicum than C. longifolium. In other 

 grains the process extends along the course of the deep 

 fissures from the hilum to the distal margin, the mesial 

 portion and the distal margin being much less resistant 

 than the proximal end and sides nearby, as noted in both 

 parents. The reactions exhibit a closer relationship to 

 C. zeylanicum than C. longifolium. 



The reaction with cupric chloride begins in very rare 

 grains in 1 minute. Complete gelatinization was not ob- 

 served in any grains and the process has begun in very 

 rare grains, much less than 0.5 per cent in the entire 

 number of grains, and 0.5 per cent of the total starch 



