488 



DATA OF PROPERTIES OF STARCHES OF PARENT- AND HYBRID-STOCKS. 



slight advance in 30 minutes; in about 0.5 per cent of 

 the grains and 3 per cent of the total starch in 45 min- 

 utes ; little if any further advance in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D210.) 



Nerine dainty maid (Hybrid). 



(Plate 6, fig. 33; Charts D 190 to D 210.) 

 Histologic Properties. 



In form the grains are usually simple and isolated 

 as in the parents, but there are as many aggregates and of 

 the same character as in N. crispa. The grains are as 

 irregular in form as in N. crispa and the irregularities are 

 due to the same causes ; it is to be noted, however, that 

 irregularities due to a greater development of one part 

 of the distal end or to one side, and to deviation of the 

 longitudinal axis, are not so common as in N. crispa. 

 The conspicuous forms are ovoid and elliptical with flat- 

 tened distal end, and among the smaller grains broad 

 ovoid, round, and nearly round. There are also trian- 

 gular, pyriform, and irregularly quadrilateral. Most of 

 the grains resemble N. crispa as to the relative size of 

 the proximal and distal ends, but there are more with 

 the proximal end smaller than the distal end than in 

 N. crispa. In form this hybrid more closely resembles 

 N. crispa than N. elegans. 



The hilum is as distinct as in N. crispa but rarely 

 fissured, and therefore more like N. elegans. It is eccen- 

 tric from 0.43 to 0.19, usually 0.24, of the longitudinal 

 axis, close to N. elegans. In character and eccentricity 

 the hilum more closely resembles N. elegans than N. 

 crispa. 



The lamella; are finer than in either parent and, hence, 

 in this respect more like N. elegans, otherwise (in charac- 

 ter and arrangement) they resemble N. crispa. The 

 number counted on the grains varies from 16 to 30, 

 usually 26, less than in either parent, but closer to 

 N. elegans. 



The size of the grains varies from the smaller which 

 are 6 by 6/i, to the larger more slender forms which are 

 43 by 26/i, and the larger broader forms which are 46 

 by 38/x., rarely 46 by 40/*, in length and breadth. The 

 common sizes are 32 by 20/* and 32 by 24/i respectively. 

 In size N. dainty maid is somewhat closer to N. elegans 

 than to N. crispa. 



Polariscopio Properties. 



The figure is slightly to very eccentric, usually as 

 eccentric as in N. crispa, and as distinct and clear-cut as 

 in N. elegans. The lines are usually fine and are less 

 irregular than in N. crispa, but more than in N. elegans. 



The degree of polarization is moderate to very high 

 (value 80), the same as in N. elegans, and less than in 

 N. crispa. There are very few grains of a very high pola- 

 rization, and fewer of a high degree of polarization than 

 in N. crispa, but the same as in N. elegans. 



With srlenite the quadrants are usually well denned 

 as in N. elegans and unequal in size, but less irregular in 

 shape than in N. crispa, but more than in N. elegans. 

 The colors are less often pure than in N. crispa, but the 

 same as in N. elegans. 



In degree of polarization, character of the figure, and 

 appearances with selenite, N. dainty maid is closer to 

 N. elegans than to N. crispa. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color 

 a moderate to deep blue with a tinge of violet (value 

 60), deeper than in either parent, but closer to N. ele- 

 gans; and the color very rapidly becomes deep to very 

 deep as in N. elegans. With 0.125 per cent Lugol's 

 solution the grains color a moderate to light blue with a 

 tinge of violet, more than in either parent, and the color 

 deepens as rapidly as in N. elegans to a moderately deep 

 to deep. After heating in water until the grains are 

 gelatinized and then adding a 2 per cent Lugol's solu- 

 tion, the grains color a moderate to very deep indigo, 

 as deep as in N. elegans; the capsules are usually indis- 

 tinguishable from the grains; and the solution colors a 

 deep indigo-blue as in N. elegans. If the preparation 

 is boiled for 2 minutes and then treated with an excess 

 of 2 per cent Lugol's solution, the grain-residues color 

 light to moderately deep blue, the same as in N. elegans, 

 the capsules a pure violet as in the parents, and the 

 solution a somewhat deeper indigo than in N. elegans. 

 Qualitatively and quantitatively the reactions with iodine 

 are closer to those of N. elegans. 



Aniline Reactions. 



With gentian violet the grains color very lightly at 

 once, and in half an hour they are lightly to moderately 

 colored (value 35), the same as N. elegans. As in the 

 parents, there is inequality of coloring of the different 

 grains and in parts of individual grains. 



With safranin the grains color very lightly at once 

 and in half an hour they are moderately colored (value 

 45), the same as N. elegans. As in the parents there is 

 inequality of coloring between the different grains, and in 

 individual grains. 



In the reaction to aniline stains N. dainty maid shows 

 a closer relationship to N. elegans than to N. crispa. 



Temperature Reactions. 

 The majority of the grains are gelatinized at 69° 

 to 70.5° C, and all at 72.5° to 73.8° C, mean 73.2° C, 

 or 2.5° higher than in N . crispa, and 2.7° lower than in 

 N. elegans. The temperature of gelatinization of N. 

 dainty maid is midway between that of N. crispa and 

 N. elegans. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 



The reaction with chloral hydrate begins in a few 

 grains immediately. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 about 8 per cent of the entire number of grains and 13 

 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 69 

 per cent of the grains and 77 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 85 per cent of the grains and 90 

 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes ; in about 88 

 per cent of the grains and 92 per cent of the total starch 

 in 45 minutes ; in about 90 per cent of the grains and 95 

 per cent of the total starch in 60 minutes. (Chart 

 D190.) 



The hilum, as in the parents, is distinct, and there are 

 very few bubbles at this part, as in N. elegans. The 

 lamellae are as distinct as in N. crispa, and a broad refrac- 

 tive band which is as refractive as in N. crispa is formed 

 about the margins of the grains. Gelatinization begins 

 usually at the proximal end as in N. elegans, but there 

 are some grains in which it begins as in N. crispa. The 

 progress of gelatinization is the same as in N. elegans. 



