700 



DATA OF PROPERTIES OF STARCHES OF PARENT- AND HYBRID-STOCKS. 



number counted on the larger grains varies from 30 to 

 42, usually 38. In the character and the arrangement of 

 the lamellae B. mrs. heal shows a closer relationship to B. 

 socotrana than to B. single crimson scarlet. 



In size the grains vary from the smaller which are 

 6 by 5fi, to the larger which are 48 by 26^, in length and 

 breadth, the common size is 30 by lfyi, which is 2/x 

 shorter and 2/a broader than the corresponding size in 

 B. socotrana, and 10/t longer and 3/* broader than the 

 corresponding size in B. single crimson scarlet. In size 

 B. mrs. heal shows a closer relationship to B. socotrana 

 than to B. single crimson scarlet. 



Polariscopic Properties. 



The figure* is as distinct and as well defined as in 

 B. single crimson scarlet. The lines, however, are thin 

 as in B. socotrana, and cross at a very acute angle which 

 does not vary greatly in size in different grains as in that 

 starch. They are as much bent and as often bisected as in 

 B. single crimson scarlet. Barely the figure has the form 

 of a conjugate hyperbola. 



The degree of polarization varies from moderate to 

 moderately high (value 65), 5 units more than in either 

 parent. There is little variation in a given aspect of an 

 individual grain as in both parents. 



With selenite the quadrants are as clear-cut as in 

 B. single crimson scarlet, and are as irregular in shape 

 as in that starch. The colors are as pure as in both 

 parents, and there are more grains which have a greenish 

 tinge than in either. 



In the degree of polarization, in which respect the two 

 parents are the same, the hybrid is higher than either. 



In the character of the figure and the appearances with 

 selenite, B. mrs. heal shows a somewhat closer relation- 

 ship to B. single crimson scarlet than to B. socotrana. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains all 

 color a moderate blue-violet (value 45), the same as in 

 B. single crimson scarlet and 15 units more than in 

 B. socotrana. With 0.125 per cent Lugol's solution the 

 grains all color a light violet tinged with blue, the same as 

 in B. single crimson scarlet and more than in B. soco- 

 trana. After heating in water until the grains are all 

 completely gelatinized, then treating with a 2 per cent 

 Lugol's solution, the gelatinized grains are all colored 

 a deep or moderate to deep indigo, somewhat less than in 

 B. single crimson scarlet, but more than in B. socotrana; 

 and the solution a moderately deep indigo as in B. single 

 crimson scarlet. If the preparation is boiled for 2 min- 

 utes and then treated with an excess of a 2 per cent 

 Lugol's solution, the majority of the grain-residues are 

 not colored, except the capsules, as in B. single crimson 

 scarlet, the remainder are colored light to moderately, 

 somewhat more than in B. single crimson scarlet, but 

 much less than in B. socotrana; the capsules a moderate 

 violet; and the solution a very deep indigo, as in B. 

 single crimson scarlet. Qualitatively and quantitatively 

 the reactions with iodine show a closer relationship to 

 B. single crimson scarlet than to B. socotrana. 



Aniline Reactions. 

 With gentian violet the grains all color lightly at 

 once, and in 30 minutes they are all moderately colored 

 (value 45), the same as in B. single crimson scarlet and 

 10 units more than in B. socotrana. 



With safranin the grains all color lightly at once, 

 and in 30 minutes they are all moderately to deeply 

 colored (value 60), the same as in B. single crimson scar- 

 let and 5 units more than in B. socotrana. 



In these reactions with aniline stains B. mrs. heal 

 shows a closer relationship to B. single crimson scarlet 

 than to B. socotrana. 



Temperature Reactions. 

 The temperature of gelatinization of the majority of 

 the grains is 67° to 69° C, and of all 71° to 72° C, 

 the mean 71.5° C, which is 0.5° C. higher than in B. 

 single crimson scarlet and 9.9° C. lower than in B. soco- 

 trana. The temperature of gelatinization of B. mrs. 

 heal is much closer to that of B. single crimson scarlet 

 than to that of B. socotrana. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 



The reaction with chloral hydrate begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 57 per 

 centj of the entire number of grains and 68 per cent of 

 the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 94 per cent of the 

 grains and 97 per cent of the total starch in 10 minutes. 

 (Chart D 505.) 



The hilum is indistinct as in B. single crimson scarlet, 

 and the lamella; are not visible as in both parents. The 

 grains become more refractive after the addition of the 

 reagent, and the first portion of the grain to show this 

 change is a rather narrow band of starch around the 

 margin, which is as narrow and as refractive as in B. 

 socotrana. Gelatinization begins at 2 or 3 discrete points 

 on the distal margin, and in the majority of the grains 

 progresses as in B. single crimson scarlet. A rather 

 small minority gelatinizes as in B. socotrana. 



The gelatinized graius are as much swollen and as 

 much distorted as in B. single crimson scarlet, but have 

 rather thin capsules as in B. socotrana. 



In this reaction B. mrs. heal shows qualitatively a 

 closer relationship to B. single crimson scarlet than to 

 B. socotrana. 



The reaction witli chromic acid begins immediately. 

 Complete gelatinization occurs in about 4 per cent of the 

 entire number of grains and 20 per cent of the total starch 

 in 5 minutes; in about 31 per cent of the grains and 67 

 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; in about 54 

 per cent of the grains and 95 per cent of the total starch 

 in 30 minutes. (Chart D 506.) (See page 697.) 



The hilum and the lamellae are as distinct as in B. 

 socotrana. Gelatinization begins at the hilum and pro- 

 gresses as in B. single crimson scarlet, except that the 

 starch distal to the hilum and comprehended between 

 the 2 fissures from the hilum is always fissured by fine 

 branching lines and in some grains is also divided by a 

 double row of slanting fissures as in B. socotrana. In 

 this reaction B. mrs. heal shows qualitatively a closer 

 relationship to B. single crimson scarlet than to B. 

 socotrana. 



The reaction with pyro gallic acid begins in a few 

 grains in 30 seconds. Complete gelatinization occurs in 

 less than 0.5 per cent of the entire number of grains and 

 7 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; in about 

 1 per cent of the grains and 25 per cent of the total starch 

 in 15 minutes; in about 16 per cent of the grains and 

 58 per cent of the total starch in 30 minutes; in about 

 29 per cent of the grains and 66 per cent of the total 



