RICHARDIA. 



723 



sure facets are found on most of the grains ; they are even 

 more numerous than in either parent. The grains are 

 usually regular, but the same irregularities may occur as 

 noted for both parents ; the depressions at indefinite points 

 on the rounded and ellipsoidal grains are more frequent 

 than in either parent. The conspicuous forms of the 

 separated grains are the same as in both parents, but the 

 polygonal ones are even more numerous than in either 

 parent. The conspicuous forms of the rare permanently 

 isolated grains are the same as in both parents. The 

 grains are not flattened, excepting at the pressure facets 

 as noted for both parents. In form these grains are 

 slightly nearer R. elliottiana, though there are only minor 

 differences to be noted between the starches. 



The hilum is not usually demonstrable, even less 

 frequently than in either parent. Occasionally it can be 

 observed as a small, round, non-refractive spot. A 

 rounded cavity is somewhat more frequently present at 

 the hilum than in either parent. Occasionally, a small, 

 transverse fissure is found at the hilum, more frequently 

 than in E. albo-maculata, but less often fissured than in 

 this starch. The position of the hilum is centric in the 

 majority of the grains, but it may have a range of eccen- 

 tricity from 0.45 to 0.35, rarely 0.25, of the longitudinal 

 axis. There are fewer grains with a centric, but more 

 with a slightly eccentric hilum, than in R. albo-maculata; 

 but less of the slightly eccentric and more of the centric 

 than in R. elliotiiana. In the character of the hilum 

 these grains are slightly closer to R. albo-maculata than to 

 U. clliottiana, but there are few differences to be noted 

 between the starches. 



The lamellce are rarely demonstrable, even less often 

 than in both parents. When made out they have the 

 same structure and arrangement as in both parents. No 

 grains were observed in which the lamelhe could be 

 counted over the entire grain, rarely 6 were counted from 

 the hilum to a narrow marginal border in which they 

 could be determined. In the character of the lamella? 

 R. mrs. roosevelt is slightly closer to R. albo-maculata 

 than to R. elliottiana. There is, however, little difference 

 to be noted between the starches. 



The size of the grains varies from the smaller which 

 are 3 by 2/x,, to the larger permanently isolated grains 

 which are 15 by 13ft, and the larger separated com- 

 ponents which are 15 by 14/t, in length and breadth. 

 The common size of the permanently isolated grains is 

 about 10 by 10//., and of the separated component about 

 8 by 7/x, in length and breadth. In size R. mrs. roosevelt 

 is very slightly closer to R. albo-maculata than to R. 

 elliottiana, but the permanently isolated grains are 

 smaller than in either parent. 



Polariscopio Properties. 

 The figure is usually centric to slightly eccentric, 

 rarely quite eccentric as in both parents. While the 

 figure is centric in the majority of the grains, it is 

 slightly eccentric in more grains than in R. albo-macu- 

 lata, but in less than in R. elliottiana. The figure is dis- 

 tinct in many grains, but it is more often indistinct than 

 in either parent. The lines are frequently fine and inter- 

 sect either at right angles or obliquely as in both parents. 

 The lines are, however, sometimes broad, more often than 

 in R. albo-maculata, and the same as in R. elliottiana. 

 They are generally straight, often with broadening at the 

 margin, but may be bent and bisected, as in both parents. 



Double and multiple figures are found, about as numerous 

 as in both parents. 



The degree of polarization is moderate to high (value 

 67), slightly lower than in R. albo-maculata, and a trifle 

 higher than in R. elliolliana. The same variation in 

 the different grains and in the same aspect of a given 

 grain is present as in both parents, but the proportion 

 of grains of moderate polarization, as well as those in 

 which one or more quadrants are low, is greater than 

 in R. albo-maculata, while the proportion of grains with 

 high polarization is slightly greater and variation in the 

 same aspect of a given grain is the same as in R. 

 elliottiana. 



With sdenite the quadrants are generally moder- 

 ately clean-cut, quite clean-cut in the few larger perma- 

 nently isolated grains. They are not quite so clean-cut 

 as in R. albo-maculata, but more so than in R. elliottiana. 

 They are usually somewhat unequal in size and slightly 

 irregular in shape, and somewhat more grains are un- 

 equal and irregular than in R. albo-maculata, but less 

 than in R. elliottiana. The blue is geuerally pure, while 

 the yellow is often impure ; the colors are scarcely as pure 

 as in R. albo-maculata, but more pure than in R. 

 elliottiana. 



In figure, the degree of polarization, and the reaction 

 with selenite, the grains are somewhat closer to R. elliot- 

 tiana than to R. albo-maculata. There are, however, no 

 marked differences between the starches. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color a 

 moderate blue- violet, about the same tint as R. albo- 

 maculata (value 45), more blue than in R. elliottiana. 

 The color deepens very rapidly, becoming more bluish 

 with considerable variation in depth of the different 

 grains. The grains deepen even more rapidly than in 

 R. albo-maculata and about the same as in R. elliottiana, 

 but there is more variation in depth, making the mean 

 coloration lighter than in either parent. With 0.125 

 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color a light blue- 

 violet, a trifle deeper but of about the same tint as in 

 R. albo-maculata, more bluish and a trifle deeper than 

 in R. elliottiana; the color deepens rapidly to about the 

 same depth as in R. albo-maculata, but a little deeper 

 than in R. elliottiana. After heating in water until the 

 grains are gelatinized and then adding 2 per cent Lugol's 

 solution, the gelatinized grains color a moderate to mod- 

 erately deep indigo-blue with more of the former than 

 in either parent, and hence the mean is lighter. If the 

 preparation is boiled for 2 minutes and then treated 

 with 2 per cent Lugol's solution, the grain-residues be- 

 come a light to moderate blue with a reddish tint, not so 

 many of the deeper tint as in R. albo-maculata, but 

 more than in R. elliottiana. The capsules color a light 

 old-rose to deep reddish-heliotrope, not as many of the 

 deep as in R. albo-maculata, but more of the deeply 

 colored, though of less reddish tint, than in R. elliottiana. 

 Qualitatively and quantitatively the iodine reactions show 

 a closer resemblance to R. albo-maculata than to R. 



elliottiana. 



Aniline Reactions. 



With gentian violet the grains color faintly at once, 



and in half an hour they are lightly stained (value 35), 



a little deeper than in either parent. 



