CYMBIDIUM. 



767 



neum. In half an hour most of the grains arc colored 

 moderately (value 52), and a few moderately deep, as in 

 C. lowianum, hut slightly lighter than (7. ebumeum. 



In the Teaction with aniline stains G. cburneo-lawi- 

 anum shows a closer relationship to C. lowianum than to 

 C. ebumeum. 



Temperature Reactions. 



The majority of the grains are gelatinized at 61° 

 to 63° C, and all excepting rare resistant grains at 67° 

 to 68° C, mean 67.5° C. The most resistant grains are 

 those of the small isolated disaggregate type. The tem- 

 perature of gelatinization of C. ebumeo-lowianum is 

 higher than in either parent, but is closer to that of 

 C. ebumeum than to G. lowianum. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 



The reaction with chloral hydrate begins immediately. 

 Complete gelatinization occurs in about 80 per cent of 

 the entire number of grains and 85 per cent of the total 

 starch in 2 minutes; in about 84 per cent of the grains 

 and 90 per cent of the total starch in 3 minutes ; in about 

 98 per cent of the grains and in more than 99 per cent 

 of the total starch in 5 minutes. (Chart D 616.) 



The hilum becomes distinct and a bubble is often 

 formed there, more often than in C. ebumeum, but less 

 often than in G. lowianum. The lamella? become distinct 

 in most of the grains, especially the more resistant ones. 

 A refractive band is formed about the margin of the 

 more resistant grains as noted in both parents. Gela- 

 tinization begins at the distal margin, sometimes followed 

 immediately by the swelling of the hilum and of the 

 proximal end. Gelatinization follows the same progress 

 as described under C. lowianum, which process it resem- 

 bles closely. The gelatinized grains are laige and some- 

 what distorted, resembling those of C. lowianum. In this 

 reaction G. ebumeo-lowianum shows qualitatively a closer 

 relationship to C. lowianum than to G. ebumeum. 



The reaction with chromic acid begins immediately. 

 Complete gelatinization occurs in about 50 per cent of 

 the entire number of grains and 65 per cent of the total 

 starch in 2 minutes; in about 66 per cent of the grains 

 and 95 per cent of the total starch in 5 minutes; com- 

 plete gelatinization 100 per cent of both the grains and 

 total starch in 15 minutes. 



The hilum and lamellae are distinct as in C. lowianum, 

 and gelatinization begins at the hilum as in both parents. 

 The process is the same as that described under C. lowi- 

 anum, except that the granules formed of the material 

 around the hilum are larger and more numerous than in 

 C. lowianum. 



In this reaction C. ebumeo-lowianum shows, qualita- 

 tively, a closer relationship to C. lowianum than to G. 

 ebumeum. 



The reaction with pyrogallic acid begins immediately. 

 Complete gelatinization occurs in about 57 per cent of 

 the entire number of grains and 83 per cent of the total 

 starch in 5 minutes; in about 81 per cent of the grains 

 and 95 per cent of the total starch in 15 minutes; in 

 about 91 per cent of the grains and 98 per cent of the 

 total starch in 30 minutes; in about 96 per cent of the 

 grains and 99 per cent of the total starch in 45 minutes; 

 about the same in 60 minutes. (Chart D617.) 



The reaction with nitric acid begins immediately; 

 the majority are gelatinized in 30 seconds; nearly all 



in 45 seconds; all but a part of the margin of the larger 

 grains and a few of the smaller grains in 1 minute; all 

 but rare resistant grains in 2 minutes ; the reaction is 

 usually complete in these in 3 to 5 minutes. 



The reaction is qualitatively about the same as in 

 both parents, the reaction being so rapid that minute 

 differences are not satisfactorily studied; fissures, how- 

 ever, leaving the hilum are observed with much more 

 frequency than in both parents, and invagination during 

 the progress was not noted; this occurred with great 

 frequency in G. lowianum, but was not observed in G. 

 ebumeum. The gelatinized grains are swollen, and often 

 somewhat distorted, less than in (J. lowianum, Imt run 

 siderably more than in C. ebumeum. 



The reaction with sulphuric acid begins immediately. 

 Complete gelatinization occurs in over 99 per cent of the 

 grains in 15 seconds, and in 100 per cent in 25 seconds. 



The reaction with hydrochloric acid begins imme- 

 diately and is practically instantaneous; complete gela- 

 tinization occurs in all of the grains in 10 seconds. The 

 reaction is so rapid that the minute steps can not be 

 satisfactorily studied, as noted for both parents. The 

 gelatinized grains are much swollen and distorted, while 

 closely resembling C. lowianum in both distortion and 

 refractivity, yet the former is somewhat greater and 

 the latter somewhat less; while the distortion is con- 

 siderably greater and the refraction less than in C. ebur- 

 neum. The capsule reacts as in both parents and passes 

 into solution with the exception of rare grains in 30 

 seconds. 



The reaction with potassium hydroxide begins imme- 

 diately. Complete gelatinization occurs in all but rare 

 grains in 15 seconds; in all the grains in 1 minute and 15 

 seconds. 



The reaction with potassium iodide begins immedi- 

 ately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 89 per 

 cent of the entire number of grains and 97 per cent of 

 the total starch in 1 minute; in about 97 per cent of the 

 grains and 99 per cent of the total starch in 2 minutes ; 

 in about 99 per cent of the grains and in over 99 per cent 

 of the total starch in 3 minutes. 



The reaction is slower than in the parents so that 

 some of the details can be observed. The hilum swells 

 and definite longitudinal fissures proceed towards the 

 distal margin of elongated and separated grains, and 

 fine radiating fissures from many points of the hilum 

 of rounded grains. 



The mesial portion of the grain is quickly gelatinized, 

 but a few marginal lamellae are much more resistant; 

 these become sharply defined and striated but are disor- 

 ganized without breaking into refractive granules. The 

 gelatinized grains are slightly to quite distorted, con- 

 siderably less than in C. lowianum, but somewhat more 

 than in C. ebumeum. The capsule is slightly thicker 

 than in C. lowianum, but not quite so thick as in C. 

 ebumeum. They bear a closer resemblance to the un- 

 treated grain than in C. lowianum, hut not so close as 

 in G. ebumeum. 



The reaction with potassium sulphocyanale begins 

 immediately. Complete gelatinization occurs in about 85 

 per cent of the entire number of grains and 96 per cent 

 of the total starch in half a minute ; in about 94 per cent 

 of the grains and 98 per cent of the total starch in 1 



