81G 



MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERS OP PLANTS. 



the leaf at the first main vein; number of stomata on 

 the lower epidermis of the dorsal sepal at the middle. 



(2) The same or practically the same as the pollen 

 parent : In the length of the leaves ; color of the sepals ; 

 color of the upper part of the petal; length and width 

 of the labellum; color of the labellum except at base; 

 depth of the first layer of the aqueous tissue beneath the 

 upper epidermis in the transverse section of the leaf at 

 the midrib; depth of the upper epidermal cells on the 

 transverse section of the leaf at the first main vein; 

 color of the upper epidermis at the middle of the dorsal 

 sepals (micro) ; color of upper epidermis at the middle 

 of the lateral petal (micro) ; number of hairs on the 

 upper epidermis of the lateral petal at the middle. 



(3) The same or practically the same as both parents: 

 In the width of the lateral sepals; thickness of the cell 

 walls of the epidermis of the pseudobulb ; the shape of the 

 upper epidermal cells of the leaf and the presence of the 

 crystals in the upper epidermal cells of the leaf; shape 

 of the lower epidermal cells of the leaf; shape of the 

 upper epidermal cells on the transverse section of the 

 leaf at the first main vein ; shape of the lower epidermal 

 cells of the dorsal sepal at the middle; shape of the 

 upper epidermal cells of the lateral petals at the middle ; 

 shape of the upper epidermal cells of the labellum at 

 the middle of one lobe. 



(4) Intermediate: In the width of the leaves 3 , color 

 of leaves 3 ; number of leaves to one growth; shape of 

 sepals; shape of petals; length of cleft in comparison 

 with the length of the labellum 9 ; angle between the 

 lobes of the labellum 9 ; length of apex of the labellum ; 

 width of the column ; length of epidermal cells of the 

 pseudobulb 3 ; length 9 , and depth 3 , of the epidermal 

 cells, thickness of the outer walls of the epidermal cells 



9 , length 3 and width of bundles in the transverse 

 section of the pseudobulb ; width of the upper epidermal 

 cells at the base of the leaf 9 ; length 3 and width 9 of 

 the lower epidermal cells at the apex of the leaf ; width 9 

 of the lower epidermal cells at the middle of the leaf; 

 width 9 of the lower epidermal cells at the base of the 

 leaf ; number of stomata on the lower epidermis of the 

 leaf at the base ; thickness of the leaf section at the mid- 

 rib 3 , the angle formed between the two halves of the 

 lamina at the midrib ; the depth 9 , and width 3 , of the 

 midrib bundle in the transverse section of the leaf ; width 

 of the upper epidermal cells 3 , depth of the lower aque- 

 ous tissue cells 3 , depth of the bundle 9 on the trans- 

 verse section of the leaf at the first main vein ; papillae on 

 the upper epidermis of the dorsal sepal at the middle; 

 length of the hairs 9 on the upper epidermis of the dorsal 

 sepal at the middle ; length 3 , and width 3 , of the lower 

 epidermal cells of the dorsal sepal at the middle ; width 

 $ of the upper epidermal cells at the middle of the 

 lateral petals ; length 9 and width of the lower epidermal 

 cells at the middle of the lateral petals; number of 

 stomata 9 on the lower epidermis at the middle of the 

 lateral petals; color of the sap in the upper epidermal 

 cells at the base of the labellum; length of the papilla? 

 3 and shape of the cells of the upper epidermis at the 

 base of the labellum ; length of the lower epidermal cells 

 at the middle of the labellum. 



(5) Higher than in either parent: In the length 

 9 and width 9 of pseudobulbs; length of the flower- 

 stalk 9 = 3; color at the base of the labellum 3 ; width 



of the epidermal cells of the pseudobulb 9 ; width of 

 the upper epidermal cells of the leaf at the apex 9 = 3 ; 

 width of the upper epidermal cells of the leaf at the 

 middle 3 ; length of the lower epidermal cells of the leaf 

 at the middle 9 = 3; depth 9 , and width 3 , of the upper 

 epidermal cells on the transverse section of the leaf at 

 the midrib ; width 9 • of the lower aqueous tissue in the 

 transverse section of the leaf at the first main vein from 

 the midrib ; number of hairs 3 on the upper epidermis 

 of the dorsal sepal at the middle; length of hairs 3 on 

 the upper epidermis of the lateral petal at the middle ; the 

 extent of the red-violet sap at the base of the labellum 

 9 = 3; number of hairs 3 , length of hairs 3 , on the 

 upper epidermis of the labellum at the base; number of 

 hairs 3 and length of hairs 9 on the upper epidermis of 

 the labellum at the middle of one lobe ; number of stomata 

 9 on the lower epidermis at the middle of the labellum. 

 (6) Lower than in either parent: In the length of 

 the pedicels 9 = 3; length of the upper epidermal cells 

 at the apex of the leaf 9 = 3; length of the upper epider- 

 mal cells at the middle of the leaf 9 , length of upper 

 epidermal cells at the base of the leaf 9 , number of hairs 

 at the apex of the leaf on the upper epidermis 3 ; num- 

 ber of hairs at the base of the leaf on the upper epidermis 

 3 ; length of the lower epidermal cells at the base of the 

 leaf 3 ; number of stomata at the apex of the leaf on the 

 lower epidermis 3 ; number of stomata at the middle of 

 the leaf on the lower epidermis 3 ; depth 9 = 3, and 

 width 9 , of the cells of the lower aqueous tissue, depth 

 3 , and width 3 , of cells of the lower epidermis in the 

 transverse section of the leaf at the midrib ; width 9 , and 

 depth 9 , of the cells of the first layer of the upper 

 aqueous tissue, width 3 , and depth 9 , of the cells of the 

 lower epidermis on the transverse section of the leaf at 

 the first main vein ; length 3 , width 3 , of the upper 

 epidermal cells of the dorsal sepal at the middle; length 

 of the upper epidermal cells at the middle of the lateral 

 petals 3 ; length 9 , and width 3 , of the upper epider- 

 mal cells at the base of the labellum ; length 3 , width 3 , 

 of the upper epidermal cells of the labellum at the middle 

 of one lobe ; the width of the lower epidermal cells of the 

 labellum at the middle 3. (Table J 49.) 



Table J 49. — Summary of characters of hybrid-stock as regards 

 sameness, intermediateness, excess, and deficit of development 

 in relation to parent-stocks. 



Same as seed parent . . 

 Same as pollen parent 

 Same as both parents . 



Intermediate 



Highest 



Lowest 



Macroscopic. Microscopic. Total 



2 



6 



8 



31 



15 



24 



10 

 11 

 9 

 40 

 19 

 25 



6. Macroscopic and Microscopic Characters of 

 Cypripedium spicerianum, C villosum, C. 

 latiiamianum, and C.lathamianum inversum. 



(Plate 34, figs. 202 to 207. Tables J, 50 to 57; I, 6 and Summaries, 

 Chart F 7.) 



General Descriptions. 



Data for the following descriptions were obtained 



from Reichenbach (Gardeners' Chronicle, 1888, 106 ; and 



1854, 135), Veitch (Manual of Orchidaceous Plants, n, 



46, 54, 88), Sander (Orchid Guide, 44, 45, 54), Curtis 



