826 



MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERS OF PLANTS. 



cells are large and have thin very wavy walls. They are 

 larger in C. spicerianum than in C. villosum. In length 

 they are larger in both hybrids than in either parent; 

 but in width those of C. lathamianum are larger than 

 those of either parent, while those of C. lathamianum 

 inversum are smaller than in either parent. 



The color of this area is green in C. spicerianum, 

 due to yellow chromoplasts in the cells ; greenish yellow 

 in C. villosum, due to a few pale-yellow chromoplasts, 

 more greenish in C. lathamianum than in C. villosum, 

 due to yellow chromoplasts; and more orange in C. 

 lathamianum inversum than in C. villosum, due to much 

 deeper yellow chromoplasts in the cells. 



compahative summary of the characters of the 



Hybrid Cypripedium lathamianum and 



its Parent-stocks. 



The hybrid was found to be : 



(1) The same or practically the same as the seed 

 parent: In the width of the anterior sepal; kind of hairs 

 present on the epidermis at the top of the flower-stalks. 



(2) The same or practically the same as the pollen 

 parent: In the number of stomata on the lower epidermis 

 of the leaf at the middle ; the shape of the cells, and the 

 waviness of the walls of the lower epidermal cells of the 

 petals at tbe middle ; width of the lower epidermal cells 

 of the labellum between the apex and the most anterior 

 part. 



(3) The same or practically the same as both parents: 

 In the shape of the leaves, thickness of the leaves ; thick- 

 ness of the cell walls on the upper epidermis of the leaf 

 at the middle ; color of the cell sap on the lower epidermis 

 at the base of the dorsal sepal. 



(4) Intermediate : In the length of leaves 3 ; width of 

 leaves 3 ; size of blotches afi base of leaf 9 ; length of 

 spotted area at base of the leaf $ ; amount of shortening 

 of the youngest leaf; length of the youngest leaf 3 ; 

 flowering period 3 ; length of flower-stalk 3 ; color of 

 flower-stalk ; length of bract 2 ; length of ovary ; color 

 of ovary; length of dorsal sepal 9 ; ratio of length to 

 width of dorsal sepal ; shape of dorsal sepal 2 ; color of 

 dorsal sepal 9 ; length of anterior sepal 9 ; color of an- 

 terior sepal 3 ; length of lateral petals 3 ; width of 

 laiteral petals 9 ; shape of lateral petals 9 ; crisping of 

 dorsal margin of lateral petals 2 ; color of petals ; length 

 of the labellum 9 ; color of outer surface of labellum ; 

 color of inner surface of labellum; shape of staminode; 

 width of staminode 3 ; color of staminode ; thickness of 

 cell walls on the upper epidermis of the leaf at the apex 



9 ; length 9 , width 3 , of the upper epidermal cells of 

 the leaf at the apex ; length 3 , and width 9 , of the upper 

 epidermal cells of the leaf at the middle ; length 3 , and 

 width 9 , of the lower epidermal cells of the leaf at the 

 apex ; number of stomata on the lower epidermis of the 

 leaf at the apex ; length of the lower epidermal cells of the 

 leaf at the middle 3 ; number of stomata on the lower 

 epidermis of the leaf at the base; width of the lower 

 epidermal cells 3 , depth of the midrib bundle 3 , on the 

 transverse section of the leaf at the midrib ; length of the 

 epidermal cells at the top of the flower-stalk $ ; numbeT 

 of hairs 3 , length of the pointed hairs 9 , and color at 

 the top of the flower-stalk ; the width 3 of the epidermal 

 cells at the middle of the flower-stalk ; the kind of hairs 

 present, number of hairs 3 , length of the pointed hairs 



2 , length of the club-shaped hairs 3 , color at the middle 

 of the flower-stalk; the width of the epidermal cells, 

 number of cortex layers and the width of the cortex on 

 the transverse section of the flower-stalk at the middle ; 

 the color of the upper epidermis of the dorsal sepal at 

 the midrib; the ratio of pointed to club-shaped hairs, 

 length of the pointed hairs 2 ; length of the club-shaped 

 hairs 2 , and the color of the lower epidermis of the dorsal 

 sepal at the midrib; the width of the upper epidermal 

 cells 3 , number of hairs 3 , and the color of the upper 

 epidermis at the base of the dorsal sepal; the ratio of 

 the pointed to club-shaped hairs 2 , length of the pointed 

 hairs 2 , and the color of the hairs on the lower epidermis 

 of the dorsal sepal at the base ; the color of the upper 

 epidermis of the petal at the middle ; color of the upper 

 epidermis of the petal at the base ; length of the upper 

 epidermal cells of the labellum near the base ; width of 

 the upper epidermal cells of the labellum at the most 

 anterior part 2 ; color of the upper epidermis of the 

 labellum at the most anterior part; color of the lower 

 epidermis of the labellum between the apex and the most 

 anterior part; the color of the lower epidermis of the 

 labellum at the base 2 . 



(5) Higher than in either parent: In the width of 

 the dorsal sepal 9 ; width of the labellum 3 ; length 3-, 

 and width 3 , of the upper epidermal cells of the leaf at 

 the base ; width of the lower epidermal cells at the middle 

 of the leaf 9 = 3 ; length 3 , width 3 , of the lower epi- 

 dermal cells at the base of the leaf; depth of the lower 

 epidermal cells 3 , width of the midrib bundle 3 , thick- 

 ness of leafl at the midrib 3 , on the transverse section 

 of the leaf at the midrib ; width of the epidermal cells at 

 the top of the flower-stalk 3 ; length of the epidermal 

 cells at the middle of the flower-stalk 3 ; thickness of the 

 outer walls of the epidermal cells 9 on the transverse 

 section of the flower-stalk at the middle ; length 3 , width 



9 , of the upper epidermal cells of the dorsal sepal at 

 tbe (midrib ; the number of hairs 9 , length of hairs 9 , 

 on the upper epidermis of the dorsal sepal at the midrib : 

 length of the upper epidermal cells at the base of the 

 dorsal sepal 3 ; length of the hairs 9 on the upper epi- 

 dermis at the base of the dorsal sepal ; length 9 , width 



3 , of the lower epidermal cells at the base of the dorsal 

 sepal ; length 3 , width 9 , of the upper epidermal cells 

 at the middle of the petal ; length 3 , width 9 , of the 

 lower epidermal cells at the middle of the petal ; length 

 of the hairs on the anterior part at the base of the petal 



3 ; width 3 , color 3 , of the upper 1 epidermal cells of 

 the labellum near the base ; length of the upper epidermal 

 cells of the labellum at the most anterior part 9 = 3; 

 length of the lower epidermal cells of the labellum be- 

 tween the apex of the most anterior part 3 ; length 9 , 

 and width 9 of the lower epidermal cells at the base of 

 the labellum. 



(6) Lower than in either parent: In the depth of the 

 cuticle 3 , depth of the upper epidermal cells 3 , depth 

 of the lower cuticle 9 , on the transverse section of the 

 leaf; depth of the epidermal cells 9 on the transverse 

 section of the flower-stalk; length of the club-shaped 

 hairs 9 , on the lower epidermis of the dorsal sepal at the 

 base ; length of the hairs 9 on the upper epidermis of 

 the labellum near the base ; length of the hairs 3 on the 

 upper epidermis of the labellum at the most anterior 

 part. (Table J 56.) 



