832 



MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERS OF PLANTS. 



C. insigne maulei, and shorter in the hybrid than in 

 either parent. The club-shaped hairs are also longer 

 in 0. villosum than in C. insigne maulei, and while in 

 length between those of the parents; in the hybrid, they 

 are nearer those of C. villosum. (Table J 61.) 



The color in, C. villosum is green, with long purple 

 hairs ; in C. insigne maulei, yellowish, hairy, with a few 

 purple hairs; in the hybrid, green, hairy, with a few 

 purple hairs. The color in C. villosum is due to the 

 epidermal cells being rilled with yellowish-green plastids, 

 the hairs filled with a red-violet cell sap and yellowish- 

 green plastids, and the end cells of the blunt hairs being 

 packed with yellow-brown chromoplasts ; in C. insigne 

 maulei and the hybrid, to the cells being filled with yellow 

 chromoplasts, a few hairs containing a red-violet cell 

 sap, and others having very few yellow chromoplasts. 



Sections of the upper epidermis at the base of the 

 dorsal sepal were examined. The upper epidermal cells 

 are smaller in C. villosum than in G. insigne maulei. 

 Those of the hybrid are longer than in either parent, and 

 in width identical with C. insigne maulei. (Table J 61.) 



The color in C. villosum is a deep reddish brown; 

 in C. insigne maulei a pale green with dull brown-purple 

 spots; and in the hybrid a slightly darker green with 

 darker brown-purple spots. It is due in 0. villosum 

 to the upper epidermal cells containing many greenish- 

 yellow chromoplasts, and to many cells of the layer be- 

 neath being filled with a red-violet cell sap ; in C. insigne 

 maulei, to a few yellowish-green plastids in the upper 

 epidermal cells, and to a red-violet cell sap beneath the 

 spots in the layer beneath the upper epidermis; and in 

 the hybrid to yellowish-green plastids and a red-violet 

 cell sap in the layer beneath, the red-violet being slightly 

 more red than in C. insigne maulei. 



The lower epidermis at the base of the dorsal sepal 

 consists of shorter and wider cells in 0. villosum than in 

 C. insigne maulei. In the hybrid the average length is 

 much greater than in either parent, and the width be- 

 tween those of the parents but nearer C. villosum. (Table 

 J 61.) 



Both pointed and club-shaped hairs are present. The 

 club-shaped hairs are more numerous than the pointed 

 hairs (2 to 1) in C. villosum, the latter being very rare. 

 The pointed hairs are twice as numerous as the club- 

 shaped hairs in C. insigne maulei. The club-shaped 

 hairs are more numerous than the pointed ones in the 

 hybrid, the ratio being between those of the parents. 

 Both pointed and club-shaped hairs are longer in C. vil- 

 losum than in C. insigne maulei, and while the average 

 length in the hybrid is between those of the parents it is 

 much nearer those of C. insigne maulei. (Table J 61.) 



The color in C. villosum is green, with long violet 

 green (not as deep as in C. villosum), with violet hairs, 

 and a purple blotch at base; and in the hybrid, deeper 

 green (not as deep as in C. villosum), with violet hairs, 

 and a smaller purple blotch at the base. The color, in 

 C. villosum, is due to the epidermal cells being filled with 

 yellowish-green plastids, and to all the hairs containing 

 a violet cell sap with a few yellowish chromoplasts; in 

 C. insigne maulei, to the epidermal cells being filled with 

 yellowish-green plastids, a red-violet cell sap present in 

 the layer beneath (at the region of the blotch), a red- 

 violet cell sap in the pointed hairs, end cell of club-shaped 

 hairs being filled with orange-yellow chromoplasts; in 



the hybrid, to the same causes as in C. insigne maulei, 

 except that there are fewer cells in the layer beneath 

 which contain a red-violet sap, a few grouped cells con- 

 taining the sap rather than all of the cells as in C. insigne 

 maulei. 



The upper epidermis of the lateral petal along the 

 median line is composed of cells with thin, wavy walls. 

 They are smaller in C. villosum than in C. insigne maulei, 

 and larger in the hybrid than in either parent. (Table 

 J 61.) 



The color above the midrib in C. villosum is a deep 

 red-brown, due to the presence of yellow chromoplasts in 

 the upper epidermal cells, and to a red-violet sap in the 

 layer beneath; in C. insigne maulei, greenish-yellowish- 

 brown with pale purplish-brown veins, and due to yellow 

 chromoplasts in the upper epidermal cells and (where 

 the pale purplish-brown veins are present) to a pink- 

 violet sap that fills the cells of the layer beneath ; in the 

 hybrid, yellowish brown, with deeper red-brown veins, 

 and due to greenish-yellow chromoplasts in the upper epi- 

 dermal cells and (where the red-brown veins are present) 

 to a pink-violet sap that fills the cells of the layer be- 

 neath, the sap being slightly deeper in color than in C. 

 insigne maulei. 



The lower epidermis of the petal at the same region 

 consists of cells which have thin wavy walls. They are 

 longer and broader in C. villosum than in C. insigne 

 maulei, and shorter and wider in the hybrid than in either 

 parent. (Table J 61.) 



A few hairs are present along the midrib region. 



Sections of the upper epidermis, of the anterior half at 

 the base of the petal, show long pointed liairs which are 

 longer in C. villosum than in C. insigne maulei, and are 

 slightly longer in the hybrid than in either parent. 

 (Table J 61.) 



The color in C. villosum is greenish yellow, with violet 

 hairs, and pale brown-purple specks, due to a few pale 

 yellow chromoplasts in the upper epidermal cells and 

 liairs, and to a red-violet sap in the hairs and in a few 

 of the cells of the layer beneath the epidermis; in G. 

 insigne maulei, yellow, with violet hairs, due to a few 

 yellow chromoplasts in the cells and hairs, and to a deep 

 red-violet sap in the hairs; in the hybrid, pale yellowish- 

 green, with violet hairs, due to pale greenish-yellow 

 chromoplasts in cells and hairs, and to a red-violet sap 

 in the hairs and in a few patches of cells in the layer 

 beneath the epidermis. 



Sections of the inner epidermis of the labellum were 

 taken at the base along the mid-line. The cells are some- 

 what irregular in shape, with thin wavy walls. They are 

 larger in C. villosum than in C. insigne maulei, and 

 longer and narrower in the hybrid than in either parent. 

 (Table J 61.) 



Numerous long pointed hairs are present. They are 

 longer in C. villosum than in C. insigne maulei, and 

 longer in the hybrid than in either parent. (Table J 61.) 



The color of this area of the labellum is in C. villosum 

 pale yellow, with purple hairs, and red-violet dots over 

 the veins, due to the upper epidermal cells containing a 

 few yellow chromoplasts, and to areas of many cells 

 containing a deep red-violet sap. The short hairs con- 

 tain yellow chromoplasts ; the long hairs a red-violet sap 

 and yellow chromoplasts. In C. insigne maulei the same 

 area is yellow, with purple hairs, and a few faint purple 



