ARCHEOLOGICAL FIELD WORK IN ARIZONA. 313 



the workmen came upon a mass of broken human bones, which proved 

 to be the remains of three individuals. Some of the bones bore traces 

 of fire, and there was no evidence that with them had been interred 

 any organic material; moreover, marks of the implement with which 

 the bones had been fractured were discernible. Undoubtedly here 

 was evidence of cannibalism, but as the find is unique so far in this 

 region it probably only indicates anthropophagy from necessity. 

 Ceremonial cannibalism among the North American Indians was not 

 unknown, however, as references in the early writers bear witness. 



Near this ossuary was unearthed the skeleton of a priest, and with 

 him a remarkable collection of the implements of his profession, con- 

 sisting of polished translucent conoids and plates of worked chalce- 

 dony, cylinders of haematite, tablets of lignite, fossils, crystals, 

 concretions, minerals, paints, bone plates and tubes, awls, a flint 

 knife, a small paint pestle, the remains of a bow, etc. (Plate 43.) 



This find is important, as it shows a class of articles connected with 

 the cult of the Zuni Indians. ^ 



Buin jVo. Jf, is located on a sand ridge between Nos. 1 and 3. It is 

 rectangular in plan with a cross wall dividing it into two courts, and 

 in the center of each court there is a depression. The south end of 

 the ruin is stepped, giving this part a rounded outline. (Plate 44.) 

 A corner room 10 feet square was cleared out and the walls exposed, 

 showing masonry of inferior character. The west side of the mound 

 is high, a feature noted in other ruins of this group. To the north 

 and southeast are small house plans. Excavation in the cemetery to 

 the east-northeast of the pueblo brought to light no features of differ- 

 ence from the other pueblos. A small number of pieces of pottery, 

 worked stones, beads, etc. , and some skeletons were taken out. 



1. Artifacts — Pottery. — Red ware preponderates in the Canj^on Butte 

 ruins and gray rarely occurs, only seven pieces all told coming out, so 

 that the group must be classified with those furnishing red ware 

 exclusively. To this class belong the other ruins on the Petrified 

 Forest Reserve, the neighboring ruins at Adamana, and the Milky 

 Hollow, with the exception of Stone Axe and Metate sites. 



For convenience of treatment the red ware may be divided into 

 three kinds, namely, (1) rugose, (2) plain, polished, and (3) decorated. 

 The rugose ware comprises coiled vessels, on the exterior of which 

 the coiling has a decorative treatment;* that is, {a) modeled as a 

 smooth, salient ridge forming a spiral from the base to the rim of the 

 vessel (Plate 45, fig 2); (b) the coiling worked in such a way as to 

 divert the attention from the horizontal coiling lines, giving a pleas- 

 ing rough effect like basketry (Plate 45, ^g, 1), and in some cases the 



«See F. H. Gushing, Zuni Fetiches, Second Annual Report of the Bureau of 

 American Ethnology. • 



^ W. H. Holmes, Ornament in (Ceramic Art, Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau 

 of American Ethnology. 



