316 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1901. 



bird tracks around the neck (Plate 51, fig-". 1). On bringing the vase 

 to Washington and comparing it with a specimen in the National 

 Museum from St. Johns (Plate 51, fig. 2), the pieces are found to 

 be similar in every respect, so that it could be affirmed that the same 

 potter made them and that subsequently they are separated 60 miles. 

 A modern vessel from Zuni (Plate 51, fig. 3), shows relationship to 

 the vases described. 



The skeletons in the cemeteries of the Canyon Butte ruins were 

 found to be in a poor state of preservation, so that only a few crania 

 and skeletons could be secured. From a cursory examination of the 

 bones it would seem that the people differed little, if an^^, from the 

 brachycephalic, short-statured inhabitants of the Pueblo region. The 

 material will be studied by an expert and the results presented in a 

 monograph. 



About 2^^ miles north of the Canyon Butte group, near a high point 

 on the rim of the Puerco, was found a stone box set in the ground 

 filled with a cement of puddled earth, mixed with charcoal and ashes, 

 enveloping the bones of young turkeys. This seems to be a shrine, 

 and is the only one of the kind known to the writer, and may afford a 

 clew to the purpose of some of the similar isolated boxes which are of 

 frequent occurrence in the pueblo region. These, however, may be 

 eagle shrines near the nesting places of the birds of prey, so impor- 

 tant in Pueblo cults, which are visited at present by the Hopi, the 

 clans laying claim to the eagles of the localities where they settled 

 during their migrations.^ A shrine of this character was discovered 

 at Biddahoochee by the writer in 1901. The offerings w,ere water in 

 a ceremonial vase, food, and prayer sticks placed under a shelving 

 rock near a lava-capped butte. The eagles of this locality are claimed 

 by the Lizard clan. While the turkey is a venerated bird, it does not 

 have the high rank accorded to the eagle. The obvious arrangement of 

 the shrine on the Puerco rim may have had to do with a desire or 

 prayer for the increase of turkeys. 



The people of this group had the dog, but judging by the bones 

 picked from the excavations their game animals were the deer, turkey, 

 and rabbit. 



The ancient pipe of the Pueblos is tubular,* worked of pottery or 

 stone, the favorite material being vesicular lava. Pipes of lava are 

 abundant in the triangle between the Puerco and Little Colorado 

 rivers, just within the boundary of the range of clans of Zuni culture, 

 and from their abundance this seems to be the type region. Tubular 

 pottery pipes, and occasionally one of stone, occur sparingly in the 



« See the interesting paper by J. Walter Fewkes, entitled Property Eight in Eagles 

 among the Hopi, American Anthropologist (N. S. ), H, Oct. -Dec, 1900, p. 690. 



^See Pipes and Smoking Customs of the American Aborigines, J. J). McGuire, 

 Annual Report, U. S. National Museum, 1897, p. 378. 



