ARCHEOLOGICAL FIELD WORK IN ARIZONA. 323 



by yellow ware of unmixed paste. About half of the ware is of the 

 type mentioned, varying in shades from cream to orange, the decora- 

 tion in geometric and geometric-symbolical or symbolism verging on 

 geometricism, the color brown, the forms bowels, vases, and dippers, 

 the bowls having exterior rim decorations. (Plates 58 and 62.) 



Among the minor articles of pottery collected are spiral relief orna- 

 ments which had been used in decoration (Plate 56, figs. 7 and 9); disks 

 ground from pottery, often perforated as in spindle whorls (Plate 56, 

 fig. 8) ; a rectangular fragment, on the edge of which teeth like a comb 

 have been cut (Plate 56, fig. 11); a fragment of a globular rattle, per- 

 forated, of yellow ware; a dipper handle with rude attempt to repre- 

 sent an animal; scrapers; oblong tablets ground from polychrome ware 

 in shape like the stone ornaments, etc. From the small ruins 2i miles 

 to the west are disks, canteen lugs, etc. It was observed here that 

 cup-shaped depressions were made in large vessels to aid the grasp. 

 This feature is found in many ruins along the White Mountains, almost 

 always associated with gray ware. 



The collection shows a number of bowls of red ware of mixed paste, 

 slipped on the interior with white, upon which are painted subgeo- 

 metric designs in black; very few of these specimens have rim decora- 

 tions. With this class are several polychrome vases, one quite large 

 (Plate 57), the body of mixed paste burning light red. On this ground 

 white is applied, outlining the portions of the design that are intended 

 to be red. On the white areas portions of the design are painted 

 black. In some instances the red areas are intensified with a wash of 

 deeper red. The ware just described is of Gila type. Similar bowls 

 have been found in the ruins north of the Petrified Forest, at Four- 

 mile, Chaves Pass, Chevlon, and Homolobi,^ being prevalent in the 

 ruins along the White and Mogollon plateaux, where the Gila influ- 

 ence is strong, and occurring sporadically along the Little Colorado 

 and Puerco and to the north of these streams, except at Stone Axe, 

 where the proportion is about that of Four Mile. The presence at 

 Stone Axe of light red ware, characteristically decorated with narrow 

 white lines breaking the field into irregular wedges, must be noted; 

 also thin bowls of gray paste slipped all over with white and having 

 sparse decoration in dark green or brown enamel. These t3^pes appear 

 at Chevlon, Homolobi, and Biddahoochee, and W. II. Holmes informs 

 me that the white ware occurs at Jemez, on the Rio Grande. The 

 ware also has a vivid polychrome decoration of green, red, and white 

 at Stone Axe; only fragments, however, were secured. (For remarks 

 on distribution of pottery, see p. 354.) 



The accompanying plates give a good idea of the color, form, and 

 symbolism of the pottery from this important ruin. It will be seen 

 that there is the same remarkable variety here that also characterizes 



« J. W. Fewkes, Report, Smithsonian Institution, 1896. 



