on farms for over forty years, the last twenty years 

 being more successful on account of the experience of 

 the first twenty years. I'll try and be brief. 



A windbreak should be made on the north and west 

 sides of the buildings with plenty of space left between 

 the grove and the buildings for garden and pleasure lot 

 and for health. Beyond the grove on the north and 

 west should be, say, a calf pasture seeded to blue grass 

 and on the north and west of that again a willow hedge. 

 The object of this is to keep the snow drift in that open 

 space. The snow drift will cause early growth of the 

 blue grass in the spring. Do not plant cottonwoods 

 which only produce shelter when young and which later 

 make bad neighbors for better classes of trees. On 

 the north and west of the main grove boxelders make 

 a good first row on account of quick growth and shelter 

 for the rest. Don't trim these for a few years and they 

 can give better shelter. Now for the main grove plant 

 the rows 10 feet apart and 5 feet in the row, so that as 

 the trees grow 7 larger every other tree in the row can 

 be cut out and all the rest left that same distance. 

 Plant in very straight rows, that the cultivation may 

 be easy. 



If yau can, prepare the ground a year before by 

 manuring with horse manure and sow it with rape seed 

 and turn it under in the fall before your tree planting. 

 This method will give you a wonderful growth the first 

 year and save several years of cultivation. Trim your 

 deciduous trees close to the main trunk till they are 

 about 7 or 8 feet high. Cultivate until near harvest 

 time. Mix the different kinds of trees as much as you 



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